Biography of Nikola Tesla Annotated Bibliography

History of Nikola Tesla - Annotated Bibliography Example Nikola Tesla’s guardians had relocated from Serbia to Croatia. His dad was a cleric, thinker, and artist. The psychological preparing that Nikola’s father gave him by causing him to do scientific computations without utilizing a pen or paper was his introduction into the field of science. What's more, his mom had â€Å"come from a group of inventors†. Nikola likewise made his first innovation when he was an offspring old enough five when he made himself an angling snare and got frogs. When Nokola was seven years of age, his family returned to Serbia. In the new town, he turned into a moment saint as he fixed a recently displayed firefighting hardware which had neglected to work on its first show before general society. After his school years, Tesla chose to turn into an electrical designer and joined Graz Polytechnic Institute in Austria. During his investigations, one of his educators had exhibited a dynamo which can deliver direct flow power and which was developed by Thomas Alva Edison, in the class. In the wake of watching the working of a dynamo, when Tesla opined that it may be conceivable to make an other current assembling engine, his educator invalidated this thought as incomprehensible. Sooner or later, with the help of his dad, he joined the University of Prague. Be that as it may, after one term was finished, he left this course likewise and joined the message division. While strolling in the city park with a companion, the structure of the air conditioner engine out of nowhere rung a bell like a blaze of lightning.

Children Play Essay Example

Youngsters Play Essay Example Youngsters Play Essay Youngsters Play Essay Youth is a stunning time throughout everyday life. There were the acceptable and awful encounters while others were terrifying. Recalling, reflecting and remembering those minutes caused me to acknowledge I had and an astounding youth. It feels like Just yesterday, I was going around playing find the stowaway with the breeze blowing through my little pig tails. There were numerous games I adored as a youngster. Ring around the Rosie, ludo, hopscotch and some more. I was hyper and energized for those consistently. I review most youngsters from the area would assemble at the recreation center and we went around like razy Just to have a great time. Glancing back at that point I dont comprehend what we were thinking! My most pleasant youth minutes would be among myself and two different companions named Faraz and AnJo. I use to have a medium size red toy truck made out of metal. Anjo and I would site on the truck, and get Faraz a plump kid to push us round the area. A portion of my different companions from school would come over on ends of the week and we would play dollhouse on the deck. Anjo and I had such a large number of good occasions together, in any event, sitting together on one bicycle, riding around the square until we oth fall and got injury. I can review one time Anjo was dozing over at my home, and at 12 PM she began to cry to return home. My dad needed to drop her home and the following day I taunted at her a great deal. My terrible experience was the point at which a kid nearby took my red truck. I was miserable, I cried and cried until my mother got it over from him. 2. The sentiments I can recall during my play were both bliss and misery. Joy was the point at which I can get along with my companions and is engaged with various games. Going around and shouting was all glad minutes. As a kid I was so dynamic, I could have run, skip and Jump rapidly. It was astonishing when I could have meet and interface with various small kids. It was all cheerful minutes. Pity was the point at which my mom would get annoyed with me since I would consider nothing else than to continue playing with my companions. Now and then when I play I fell and get harmed, either a wound, cut, sprain or strain. I cry until mother takes me to the specialist. Yet at the same time I would need to play again after. 3. In my present life to reproduce my play emotions I will get along with my companions. We would sit together and consider our beloved recollections. I would design sleepovers on end of the week at my home. Its my most loved to have my lady friends over at my home. Likewise we would design different exercises like go watching film, go to a gathering, climbing, cycling, picnicking at the recreation center, sea shore or nursery and above all else shopping. These exercises will let us connect with one another and gaining more experiences as been companions. As a youngster it was about play and having a ton of fun. No kid feels content until their life is busy with bunches of play. As youngster I as honest and had almost no thought of obligations. Here and there I would fall into difficulty with my folks for not understanding that there is other movement, which is significant in my life. As I develop and got more established I do realize life is a test. There are times for play and times for work. As a grown-up now, I have obligations of going to class, total my instruction, work and be dependable of my self. I wouldnt need to roll out any improvement to my existence as to play, since it was each of the a developing and learning experience for me, that made a piece of my life. 4. Play was critical to me since its been an agreeable snapshot of my life. I could have do what I need being a youngster Play added to my light from various perspectives. During my play time, I was challenge to play out my best so I can dominate in the match, I figured out how to be reasonable and not to cheat, on the off chance that I free in on game invest more energy whenever, figure out how to share toys and prepackaged games, despite everything be companions with others in the event that they win and I lost, and above all else esteem my companions and dont be childish. On the off chance that I follow every one of these characteristics that were found out through my play I will be effective in my life.

9 Steps to Leading a Successful Online Meeting - Focus

9 Steps to Leading a Successful Online Meeting - Focus Today, companies all around the world are embracing remote working environments. Distributed teams are having to consider how to build good working relationships with remote colleagues and how to collaborate effectively, including via online meetings.   Fortunately, distributed working doesn’t need to lead to disorganized meetings. With some preparation and a game plan, your team can have online meetings that are just as productive and collaborative as getting everyone in the same room. Here are a few tips for preparing, participating and following up on online meetings, so that communication is crystal clear and important details and tasks won’t fall through the cracks. Preparing for Online Meetings As the saying goes, “to be prepared is half the victory.” If you go into an online meeting with a gameplan, you’ll see better results during and after you meet. 1. Create an agenda One key part of meeting preparation is creating an agenda, which will help everyone come to the meeting on the same page and keep participants focused on priorities. A good agenda is less about your ability to lead an online meeting and more about fostering understanding for participants, especially people who aren’t in the same room, says Daniel Mittleman, associate professor at the DePaul University School of Computer Science, Telecommunications and Information Systems. They have no access to your nonverbal cues,” Mittleman writes. If there’s no agenda, they’re more likely to “lose place, lose focus and lose attention to the meeting. When putting together an agenda, make sure to: ask for input from those attending the meeting note any time a decision needs to be made if necessary, identify who will lead the discussion for each agenda item or topic leave room in the agenda for last-minute additions or questions. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit Weekly Strategy Meeting on MindMeister. 2. Use mind maps Mind maps can be a great way to record who’s attending and offer space for comments or ideas beforehand with branches that can link to relevant documents, action items or notes so everyone comes prepared. This can be a useful structure for online meetings that are a little more formal and require an exact record, which you can refer to later on. Shared mind maps can also be useful if you want your team or participants to brainstorm ideas in preparation for an online meeting, or in real-time during the meeting itself. 3. Prepare your space In March, you probably read about Robert Kelly, the South Korea expert whose kids crashed his BBC interview while he was live on air. Anyone who’s worked remotely before likely felt for him. Whether it’s a cat walking in front of your camera or a garbage truck coming down your street, distractions happen. You can’t prevent every mishap, but preparing your space beforehand can go a long way. Before the meeting, find a quiet environment where you can limit distractions. Use headphones to minimize background noise and prevent audio feedback. If you’re working with new conferencing software, do a test run before the online meeting begins.   Participating Like a Pro You’re all prepared and it’s meeting time. Here are a few tips to make sure your online meeting goes smoothly. 4. Slow and steady Keep the pace of your online meeting a bit slower than in-person meetings, suggests Susan Colaric, assistant vice president for Instructional Technology at Saint Leo University in Saint Leo, Florida.     “Video-conference meetings should actually move at a slightly slower pace than a typical meeting due to a two to three-second delay for most systems to communicate,” Colaric told Inc. “If youre leading the meeting, make sure there are sufficient pauses after asking a question. If you are a participant, bring attention to yourself before addressing the group by signaling with your hand or saying question or comment and then waiting a couple seconds before continuing. 5. Use your words. If you’re not sharing your screen and need to describe something remote participants can’t see, try to be extra descriptive. This will help you communicate clearly and effectively. “We describe all of our visual designs using words,” according to 18F, the digital service agency for the U.S. government. “This might seem intuitive, but when your coworkers can’t see your computer screen, it’s particularly important to make sure you’re describing what you see. (For example, we encourage folks to use titles of page components and other descriptors to help collaborators more easily locate what a person is talking about (the blue “Get Started” button with the white text, below and to the right of the hero image, etc.))” Efficient meetings with mind maps Sign-up for MindMeister Its free! Sign-up for MindMeister 6. Take great notes. Good note-taking is something all meetings can benefit from, and there are lots of ways to take useful notes. If you want to take shared notes during an in-person meeting, you may well turn to a whiteboard. For online meetings, you can get a similar effect with online mind maps, which allow everyone to see and add to the notes as new ideas come up, in real-time. It’s a great way to keep everyone engaged, create more clarity and get input from all team members involved. After the Meeting You did it! Meeting adjournedalmost. Here are a few things you can do at the end of an online meeting (and beyond) to maintain clear communication from everyone involved. 7. Recap before you’re done. When the meeting’s about to end, have everyone recap the action items that they’re responsible for. This is a way to make sure everyone understands who’s tackling what and  ensure accountability. That extra clarity is especially helpful when you can’t see facial expressions or body language. 8. Save your debrief for later. Especially if you just finished a high-stakes meeting, often our first reaction is to immediately debrief with colleagues. Hold off until you’re out of the room, though. You’d never want remote attendees to overhear something you didn’t mean to share because they hadn’t left the video conference yet. As a general rule, wait until you’re out of the room to discuss anything that occurred. 9. Share notes. Remember those great notes you took? Make sure everyone involved has access to them. This can be another great way to create a shared understanding of what was decided, who’s responsible for what action items and what to follow up on in the future. If youre using a mind map to take meeting notes, with MindMeister you can invite attendees to collaborate via a shared link or email invitation, so you can edit, comment and feedback, all in real-time. The goals for online meetings are no different than in-person meetings: communicate clearly so you can make decisions that move your organization forward. When your meeting is remote, you just need to make a few adjustments to achieve that goal. By preparing properly, participating fully and following up, your online meetings can be just as successful as sitting in a room together. If you have any comments, questions or meeting tips, it would be great to hear them in the comment section below! Meeting management with mind maps Discover MindMeister Its free! Discover MindMeister 9 Steps to Leading a Successful Online Meeting - Focus Today, companies all around the world are embracing remote working environments. Distributed teams are having to consider how to build good working relationships with remote colleagues and how to collaborate effectively, including via online meetings.   Fortunately, distributed working doesn’t need to lead to disorganized meetings. With some preparation and a game plan, your team can have online meetings that are just as productive and collaborative as getting everyone in the same room. Here are a few tips for preparing, participating and following up on online meetings, so that communication is crystal clear and important details and tasks won’t fall through the cracks. Preparing for Online Meetings As the saying goes, “to be prepared is half the victory.” If you go into an online meeting with a gameplan, you’ll see better results during and after you meet. 1. Create an agenda One key part of meeting preparation is creating an agenda, which will help everyone come to the meeting on the same page and keep participants focused on priorities. A good agenda is less about your ability to lead an online meeting and more about fostering understanding for participants, especially people who aren’t in the same room, says Daniel Mittleman, associate professor at the DePaul University School of Computer Science, Telecommunications and Information Systems. They have no access to your nonverbal cues,” Mittleman writes. If there’s no agenda, they’re more likely to “lose place, lose focus and lose attention to the meeting. When putting together an agenda, make sure to: ask for input from those attending the meeting note any time a decision needs to be made if necessary, identify who will lead the discussion for each agenda item or topic leave room in the agenda for last-minute additions or questions. Your browser is not able to display frames. Please visit Weekly Strategy Meeting on MindMeister. 2. Use mind maps Mind maps can be a great way to record who’s attending and offer space for comments or ideas beforehand with branches that can link to relevant documents, action items or notes so everyone comes prepared. This can be a useful structure for online meetings that are a little more formal and require an exact record, which you can refer to later on. Shared mind maps can also be useful if you want your team or participants to brainstorm ideas in preparation for an online meeting, or in real-time during the meeting itself. 3. Prepare your space In March, you probably read about Robert Kelly, the South Korea expert whose kids crashed his BBC interview while he was live on air. Anyone who’s worked remotely before likely felt for him. Whether it’s a cat walking in front of your camera or a garbage truck coming down your street, distractions happen. You can’t prevent every mishap, but preparing your space beforehand can go a long way. Before the meeting, find a quiet environment where you can limit distractions. Use headphones to minimize background noise and prevent audio feedback. If you’re working with new conferencing software, do a test run before the online meeting begins.   Participating Like a Pro You’re all prepared and it’s meeting time. Here are a few tips to make sure your online meeting goes smoothly. 4. Slow and steady Keep the pace of your online meeting a bit slower than in-person meetings, suggests Susan Colaric, assistant vice president for Instructional Technology at Saint Leo University in Saint Leo, Florida.     “Video-conference meetings should actually move at a slightly slower pace than a typical meeting due to a two to three-second delay for most systems to communicate,” Colaric told Inc. “If youre leading the meeting, make sure there are sufficient pauses after asking a question. If you are a participant, bring attention to yourself before addressing the group by signaling with your hand or saying question or comment and then waiting a couple seconds before continuing. 5. Use your words. If you’re not sharing your screen and need to describe something remote participants can’t see, try to be extra descriptive. This will help you communicate clearly and effectively. “We describe all of our visual designs using words,” according to 18F, the digital service agency for the U.S. government. “This might seem intuitive, but when your coworkers can’t see your computer screen, it’s particularly important to make sure you’re describing what you see. (For example, we encourage folks to use titles of page components and other descriptors to help collaborators more easily locate what a person is talking about (the blue “Get Started” button with the white text, below and to the right of the hero image, etc.))” Efficient meetings with mind maps Sign-up for MindMeister Its free! Sign-up for MindMeister 6. Take great notes. Good note-taking is something all meetings can benefit from, and there are lots of ways to take useful notes. If you want to take shared notes during an in-person meeting, you may well turn to a whiteboard. For online meetings, you can get a similar effect with online mind maps, which allow everyone to see and add to the notes as new ideas come up, in real-time. It’s a great way to keep everyone engaged, create more clarity and get input from all team members involved. After the Meeting You did it! Meeting adjournedalmost. Here are a few things you can do at the end of an online meeting (and beyond) to maintain clear communication from everyone involved. 7. Recap before you’re done. When the meeting’s about to end, have everyone recap the action items that they’re responsible for. This is a way to make sure everyone understands who’s tackling what and  ensure accountability. That extra clarity is especially helpful when you can’t see facial expressions or body language. 8. Save your debrief for later. Especially if you just finished a high-stakes meeting, often our first reaction is to immediately debrief with colleagues. Hold off until you’re out of the room, though. You’d never want remote attendees to overhear something you didn’t mean to share because they hadn’t left the video conference yet. As a general rule, wait until you’re out of the room to discuss anything that occurred. 9. Share notes. Remember those great notes you took? Make sure everyone involved has access to them. This can be another great way to create a shared understanding of what was decided, who’s responsible for what action items and what to follow up on in the future. If youre using a mind map to take meeting notes, with MindMeister you can invite attendees to collaborate via a shared link or email invitation, so you can edit, comment and feedback, all in real-time. The goals for online meetings are no different than in-person meetings: communicate clearly so you can make decisions that move your organization forward. When your meeting is remote, you just need to make a few adjustments to achieve that goal. By preparing properly, participating fully and following up, your online meetings can be just as successful as sitting in a room together. If you have any comments, questions or meeting tips, it would be great to hear them in the comment section below! Meeting management with mind maps Discover MindMeister Its free! Discover MindMeister

Earnings Management The Continuum from Legitimacy to Fraud Free Essay Example, 1500 words

This type of flexibility helps the managers of a company to represent the true and fair view of the company s affairs and its earnings in the financial statements. Account Management: Accounting policies can be utilized by the managers of a company to accomplish the objectives of the management of the company and may not fulfill the essential requirements of the users. It can thus be used as a tool that can be managed and not as a means to provide the true and fair view of the company. Interests of Managers: In theory, accounting information should provide relevant information to the users which can be used by them for various decision making process. Whereas in practice, earning management is more for the interest of managers rather than for the benefit of its users. Earnings management is a term which acts as a substitute for creative accounting. Trying to manipulate the earnings which are reported by the managers of a company, by taking help of some specific accounting process, i s termed as earnings management. The company does so to influence its earnings in a short-term horizon (Coenen, 2009). We will write a custom essay sample on Earnings Management: The Continuum from Legitimacy to Fraud or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page These measures taken are proving quite effective in preventing current creative accounting practices, but the question is whether it will be able to stop these malpractices completely or not. It is indeed very difficult to put an end to earning management practices in future

Racial Superiority Between Native Africans And The United...

Since the beginning of the Western interactions with native Africans, racial superiority has existed. The belief that human races have distinctive characteristics which determine their respective cultures, usually involving the idea that one s own race is superior and has the right to rule or dominate others is racial superiority. The idea that whites are better than blacks is not only applicable in the context of Africa, but also in the context of other countries. Racial superiority can occur in any place in the world. Two places that are very similar with the same type of racial superiority structure are South Africa and the United States of America. Racial hate groups pertaining to white supremacy are prominent in the Southern United States and South Africa. White supremacy flourished in South Africa and the United States because of the Christian religion, the structure of government, and the racial hate groups that helped keep the government that segregated races in power. The i dea of white supremacy in South Africa started when Jan Van Riebeeck founded the Fort de Goede Hoop in 1652. Riebeeck kept a journal, and he wrote many negative things about the natives. Afrikaner-Nationalism would later be implemented and this would give white, Europeans a basis (or so they thought) for taking over the land of South Africa and imprisoning its people in a political system known as apartheid. Racial superiority in the United States started when the colonies of America were inShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Book The Story We Tell 1275 Words   |  6 Pagesthe Euro-American or Whites. This creates a false truth, creating a racial hierarchy and justification for wrong doing. We often hear that history repeats itself, which as we see with the mistreatment of non-whites, this is true. We only know, what we know†¦ we need to be taught the true history that took place from all aspects, not just from the viewpoint of the victor. There is a long and intertwined history between America and race. As we have not only read and discussed in class, the filmRead More The Development of Racism Essay1259 Words   |  6 Pagesslavery, racism is not over yet. (Loewen 143) Racism can be defined as any set of beliefs, which classifies humanity into distinct collectives, defined in terms of natural and/or cultural attributes, and ranks these attributes in a hierarchy of superiority and inferiority (Blum 5). It can be directly linked to the past and still, centuries later, serves as a painful reminder that race continues to be one of the sharpest and deepest divisions in American life (Loewen 138). What were the causesRead MoreManifest Destiny And American Territorial Expansion Essay1323 Words   |  6 Pagesthe situation, in which we removed the inhabitants of the west from their homeland, in a better way. Americans believed that it was their God-given right to expand westward by destroying anything in their path. â€Å"†¦courageous pioneers believed that America had a divine obligation to stretch the boundaries of their noble republic to the Pacific Ocean.† (â€Å"29. Manifest Destiny.†) Amy Greenburg wrote Manifest Destiny and American Territorial Expansion to help others better understand the meaning and ideologyRead MorePrimary Source Analysis : Virginian Luxuries1339 Words   |  6 Pages1)? How are unequal power relationships reflected in Toqueville’s distinctions between the three races (Document 2)? What future does Toqueville predict for these groups of people and why? Based upon your own knowledge, how accurate do you believe Toqueville’s observations and predictions were? Relationships of power that featured in â€Å"Virginian Luxuries† (Document 1) include the relation between white power and African American slaves. On the left side of the portrait, their seems to be a white maleRead MoreThe Grand Scheme of the New Imperialism1391 Words   |  6 Pagesinvasion. The European nations viewed Africa and Asia as a means to materials such as coal, iron and copper. They chose these continents based on the material wealth and as well the convenience of their location. Not only was South America too far but also the United States were already involved. After the advent of Industrial Revolution, the European countries were at a higher rate of success as they advanced greatly with machines and technology. Various technological inventions marked their impressionRead MoreThe Aftermath Of The Salem Witch Trials1233 Words   |  5 Pageshysteria. America was on the path to modernization, keen on putting aside such old world ideas as witches. In his wide s panning book, America Bewitched, Owen Davies follows America’s life after Salem, recounting the country’s fascination with witchcraft. Through thematic chapters, Davies offers reports of witch-trials, magical beliefs, and the changing attitudes of a modernizing society. While thorough and gripping, the book steers clear of arguing for a specific meaning behind the United States’ continuingRead MoreA Brief Note On Spy And Racial Inequity Essay1035 Words   |  5 PagesI Spy Racial Inequity The children’s activity I Spy assists participants in identifying objects in their world. While practicing awareness of the world is a vital lesson, do participants lack deeper levels of mindfulness? For example, people pinpoint objects in their physical environment with I Spy, but they may not notice how their cultural socialization promotes social stratification. Tracy Ore (2014) states that society socializes its members through their interpersonal interactions and society’sRead MoreThe United States Struggle For Independence1407 Words   |  6 Pages The United States struggle for independence was marked by the American Revolution war fought between Britain and the thirteen American colonies from the year 1775 to the year 1783. The war was sparked off because of a number of reasons, among them being the fact that Britain felt its American colonies were not playing their financial part as a colony and they were neither actively participating in the Anglo-Fr ench war. The fact that the French were defeated in this war boosted the confidenceRead MoreConsequences Of European Colonization1112 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent to their own. In the late 1800’s, the rare Native Americans that were left in the United States were practically extinguished. Many diverse things contributed to their near-extinction, some were considered intentional and some unintentional. Some tribes made the decision to go willingly, and some decided to fight to their death but in the end, it was confirmed that Native Americans and settlers could not live together in amity, and the Native Americans were the ones at harm. The integrationRead MoreViews on Slavery by Higginbotham, Jr.,Winthrop D. Jordan, and Edmund S. Morgan1710 Words   |  7 Pagesbefore slavery was institutionalized. The Colonist’s had already begun to strategize legalities in regards on how black people were to be disciplined. Higginbotham has two reasons why Africans were not aff orded the same liberties as that of the white indentured servants in Virginia. The first reason he states is that the majority of white indentured servants came to Virginia on their own free will. Once they had completed their five or seven-year contract with their master, they were free to

Free Finance Essay Savings and Loans Crisis Free Essays

string(120) " fall in real estate prices, as they were no longer of appeal to corporate and individual investors seeking tax breaks\." 1.INTRODUCTION The financial industry encompassing banking, financial services and insurance companies play a very important role in the economy of any nation, and are therefore important in ensuring liquidity in the economy. They are strategically positioned to accept savings from customers, and provide loans to consumers and businesses for a reasonable profit. We will write a custom essay sample on Free Finance Essay: Savings and Loans Crisis or any similar topic only for you Order Now Their importance therefore lies in their ability to ensure consumers get value for money whenever they resort to save funds, and that businesses and consumers who need loans either for business operations, mortgage financing and/or personal activities can get adequate levels of financing, thereby ensuring continued economic growth. However, history tells us that these financial institutions have always been known to digress from this traditional business model of ensuring economic growth and liquidity, into riskier profit making activities that could endanger the whole economy in the wake of an economy crisis, such as in the great depression of 1920s, savings and loan crisis of the 1980s, dotcom bubble burst in the early 2000s, and most recently the subprime mortgage crisis starting 2007. Therefore according to Hopkins and Hopkins (1984), the activities of these institutions must be properly regulated and monitored against risky, unscrupulous and economically dangerous activities. These activities may be poised to increase the value of the firm in the short term, and increase benefits attributable to core stakeholders, but may result in tragic occurrences such as the insolvency of a large number of organisations, which is what happened in the great depression, during the SL crisis and also most recently in the subprime mortgage crisis. A core example of these occurrences would be in the activities of savings and loan organizations in the United States from 1970 – 1990. Financial regulation, or more precisely – financial deregulation, has been acclaimed as one of the major causes of the scandal that forced about 50% of the SL businesses in the US into insolvency (Mishkin, 1998; Curry and Shibut, 2000). A critical analysis of the causes, effects of financial deregulation, occurrences, and effects on financial regulation would be analysed in following chapters, in a bid to determine the extent to which regulation could have been employed in averting, or more importantly managing the crisis in a much more appropriate manner. 2.BACKGROUND – SAVINGS AND LOAN INDUSTRY The savings and loan industry had been operating in the US since the 19th century, and was established under the premise of collecting savings from customers at market interest rates, then providing mortgage and personal loans to other consumers for a higher interest rate (Cebula and Hung, 1992). The businesses were owned by a number of shareholders, usually in a community, thereby limiting the extent to which one person or a group of people could have an influence on the activities of the organisation. The industry experienced rapid growth during the post world war II era, when millions of service men returned after the war to set up their lives and build families (Mishkin, 1998). The baby boom era that erupted increased the need for real estate, which subsequently increased the number of houses built, and the number of mortgage loans provided for these houses. The period of rapid growth was closely followed by an increasing need for these institutions to attract deposits from customers, in order to fuel further mortgage loans, thereby increasing competition between retail banks and SL organizations for better access to bank’s deposits (Kester and McGoun, 1989). Regulation Q was therefore imposed as an interest rate cap that limited the rate that each industry (retail banking and SL businesses) could give for customer deposit (FDIC, 2002). Thereby limiting competitive pressures within the market. However, this interest rate cap made it impossible for these organizations to compete effectively in times of high interest rates, as customers usually withdrew their deposits in order to earn more interest in money market instruments (Shoven et al, 1991). A series of regulatory changes were therefore proposed and implemented in the between 1980 – 1982, which affected the businesses that SL businesses could lend to, and also impacted on their financial accounting and risk practices. 3.ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL REGULATORY ISSUES As proposed by Konoe (2009), economic and macro economic crisis that result in the fall of a huge number of businesses are not necessarily as a result of one factor, but of a combination of several factors that may have metamorphosed over a period of time. The issues that led to the huge fall of a number of SL businesses could therefore be explained in terms of the current economy of the US at that period in time, the financial situations facing the industry, and regulatory frameworks in place to ensure ethical business practices across the industry. a. Economic Issues High Interest Rate volatility in the 1970s and early 1980s exposed SL organizations to interest rate risks. These coupled with double digit inflation figures frequently resulted in asset/liability mismatch, in which the organizations were paying more interests for deposits, than were being obtained through fixed rate long term mortgage rates (Shoven et al, 1991). The oil prices also doubled in 1979, owing to events in oil producing OPEC countries. These deterred real estate investments and subsequently crippled the value of residential and commercial properties in oil producing states. However the Tax Reform Act enacted in 1981 subdued this effect, and enabled homeowners to claim tax back on loss generated by properties they own (FDIC, 2002). This fuelled an increased activity in the real estate market, as a consortium of individuals and businesses came together to invest in the real estate market, in order to limit the level of tax they paid out on other corporate and individual profits (Kester and McGoun, 1989). However, five years later the Tax Reform Act of 1986 revoked those benefits attributable to loss bearing properties, thereby leading to a rapid fall in real estate prices, as they were no longer of appeal to corporate and individual investors seeking tax breaks. You read "Free Finance Essay: Savings and Loans Crisis" in category "Be st crisis essays" The fall in real estate prices as a result of tax break, and also the rise in oil prices, led to a situation whereby real estate was of a hugely reduced value in oil producing states, and also reduced in several other states likewise (Steward, 1991). b. Financial Regulation The interest rate ceilings that were imposed in the 1960s to limit competitive activities in the SL industry were revoked in 1980, thereby allowing SL businesses to compete against banks and other money market institutions in attracting customer deposits (FDIC, 2002). This enabled them to offer higher interest rates in order to attract deposits, often higher than the going market rate. These unrealistic interest rates led to scenarios whereby SL businesses were paying higher rates for savings, much higher that rates obtained on their long term fixed rate mortgages. They therefore needed to engage in projects that earned higher loan rates, thereby subsequently increasing the risk profile of their loan portfolio (AP, 1991). A series of regulatory reforms also ensued during that period, liberalized SL powers thereby increasing the portion of their loan portfolio that could be lent for commercial purposes. The Financial Institutions Regulatory and Interest Rate Control Act of 1978 enabled savings and loan organizations to loan capital to construction and development companies up to 5% of their capital. Further statutory and regulatory changes that ensued also enabled these businesses to invest capital in other market categories apart from real estate (FDIC, 2002). Other legislations put into place in 1980 also reduced the net worth requirements that SLs had to have in order to remain solvent and continue business as usual from 5% – 3% from 1980 – 1982. The Federal Home Loan Bank Board (Bank Board) also allowed SL businesses to appear solvent by issuing income capital certificates. The Bank Board also removed limitations on the number of people that could own an SL business from 400 stockholders, to just one. State governments such as California, Texas and Florida also followed the Federal Government’s regulation, enabling state savings and loan companies to invest 100% of customer deposits in any kind of venture they felt was appropriate (Cebula and Hung, 1992). The Insurance board in charge of SL deposits (Federal Savings and Loan Insurance Corporation – FSLIC), also increased the insurance on savings deposits from $40,000 – $100,000. Thereby increasing the amount of deposits in the SL industry, as deposits were assured that the government would reimburse them for any deposit they made up to that amount in any insolvent SL business (Calavita et al, 1999). The increase in deposit insurance also prompted the rise of brokered deposits, in which a broker would collate a large amount of deposit from investors, and invest them in the SL offering the highest interest rates (Lannon, 1991). These according to Salinger (2005), facilitated dubious practices from these brokers, and risky practices from SLs who had to provide the highest interest rates in order to attract deposits, just so they could provide risky loans to businesses at even higher interests for them to break even. Mason (2004) asserts that this cycle is a major reason beh ind the dubious practices that accounted for over 15% of total insolvencies. 4.CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF THE EVENTS a. Pre-Deregulation According to the accounts of Mason (2004), the SL businesses were already witnessing a downturn prior to the deregulation of the sector. They had increasing competition from money market instruments, which led to disintermediation in which customers opted to invest directly in the money markets that provided higher interest rates. They were unable to compete effectively due to interest rate volatilities and the caps already fixed by the government, which limited the rates they could offer. This economic situation therefore seems like some sort of two way situation in which SLs were stable but declining businesses during the initial regulatory period, and became more unstable, experienced sudden jerk in growth, an a subsequent decline in total value as a result of risky activities that ensued after deregulation. Hopkins and Hopkins (1984) asserts that if the industry was never deregulated in the first instance, it may have led to an era of consolidation in which businesses bought them selves out in a bid to establish larger SL businesses that had more economic leverage and scale. However Kester and McGoun (1989) dictate in contrast to Hopkins and Hopkins, that certain aspect of the deregulation were actually needed, such as the removal of the interest rate ceilings, and the ability to loan to other businesses. These were needed because of the current state of the economy in which real estate prices were falling rapidly and interest rates were volatile. However they concludes that these should have been done with the same prejudice and oversight given to the banks that already enjoyed these benefits, and if those were enacted, the crisis that resulted in that economic situation could have been minimized or largely avoided. However the Fed took the different approach and opted to deregulate the entire market, as this was seen as a method of stabilising growth in the market, ensuring profitability and liberalising the methods in which these thrift organisations lent money (Mason, 2004). The ability to lend to other parties apart from personal loans and homebuyers, and also collect deposits from brokers, were seen as a method of ensuring profitability and growth in the market (Curry and Shibut, 2000). Lannon (1991) states that these actions may have made sense as a true capitalist and free market approach, as these businesses could have been able to set their prices and compete effectively against each other and other organisations in the money market such as banks and financial institutions. These actions according to Barth et al (2004) would have ensured better survival for these businesses, as long as their activities were overseen, but it was not. b. One man ownership The risky activities of these organizations were escalated when the government enabled only one person to own an SL business, as opposed to previous practices (Salinger, 2005). The major point raised in relation to this proposition, was why the government would allow banks’ competitors to be owned by one individual when the banks themselves were not allowed to be owned by one individualGuidelines on ownership were not imposed, and there were no set rules on the level of management competency that the companies needed to have in order to be run by one individual (Cebula and Hung, 1992). According to Barth et al (2004), it was these deregulatory measures that actually prompted dubious accounting practices different from that of banks, which SLs were competing with, it also resulted in the introduction of higher than manageable interest rates and brokers who collated deposits from a number of parties and invested them into the best interest payer. If the market was never deregulated, then the interest rate ceiling would have always been enacted, and though that could have limited the competitive capacity of SLs, it would have also ensured that they adhered to their predominant practices, and never resorted to paying higher than manageable interest rates, or attracting brokered deposits in a bid to shore up their capital base (Mishkin, 1998). According to Shoven et al (1991), if the banks instead were limited in their ability to compete with SLs in specific regions or states, then it would have ensured that these companies could compete effectively in those given marke ts. Mason (2004) also states that enabling thrifts to act like bank without imposing the same regulatory oversight and accounting principles practices by banks was always headed for disaster. c. Real Estate Tax Reform One of the other major causes was the Tax Reform Act that was established and abolished in 1981 and 1986 respectively (Hermalin and Wallace, 1994). Investors were initially allowed to deduct loss-bearing assets from their tax payables, which prompted a series of passive investments in property, so investors could take up loss bearing assets that could be deducted from their annual earnings. These activities drove up the market value of real estate, and also the number of mortgages granted to these passive homebuyers. When this tax advantage was abolished in 1986, passive investors who had bought real estate as a method of claiming tax benefits began to offload as their properties had become financially useless. These drove down the prices of real estate as a huge number of investors were trying to offload their real estate properties (White, 1991). A fall in real estate value would result in losses for the homebuilders – which SLs were now allowed to lend to; and loss to homeb uyers – whose home value may now be much less than the mortgage owed on it. Due to regulatory lax on accounting standards, most of these thrifts had equity values that were less than 2% of their total asset base, and still allowed to stay solvent (FDIC, 2002). d. Depository Insurance Finally, the depository insurance that was increased from $40,000 – $100,000 acted more like a moral hazard, since most depositors who were already aware of the risky business practices of these SL businesses, did not have to care much about the solvency risk of the business where their deposits were held, since the government had already opted to secure deposits (Brewer and Mondschean, 1994). The question now was not on which businesses were safer to invest in, it was in which businesses had the higher deposit rate (Haveman, 1993). The SL businesses therefore realised that in order to continue to attract deposits they needed to offer higher – sometimes unrealistic – interest rates (as fixed long term mortgages usually had lower rates), and in order for the company to breakeven on these interest rates, they needed to offer the loans at higher prices (Shoven et al, 1991). The only projects or businesses that would be willing to pay higher interest rates for their loans would be those that are unable to obtain prime loans – often handed out to organizations with good credit rating and business reputation. Therefore based on these analyses, it could be deduced that a coherent analysis of the structure of the crisis would be: Interest rate volatility and inability to compete with money markets Removal of interest rate ceilings Ability of SL businesses to lend to organizations, as opposed to just mortgage lenders Real Estate Tax reform act 1981 enabling investors to buy property for the sake of reducing tax payable Deposit insurance increase from $40,000 – $100,000 Rise of brokered deposits Real Estate Tax Reform Act 1986 removing tax benefits associated with loss bearing properties. Flex of accounting rules, thereby allowing GAAP insolvent businesses to run under the RAP framework. Hopkins and Hopkins (1984) further asserts that it was these risky lending, high interest rates and long term fixed mortgages that led to the widely acclaimed asset/liability mismatch occurring in the industry. The asset/liability mismatch in conjunction with the drastic fall in real estate crisis that ensued after the tax reform act of 1986, helped to catapult the crisis deeper. 5.RESULTANT EFFECT OF THE SCANDAL a. Total Cost The total cost of the crisis as at 31 December 1999 was $153 billion, which was bore by the US government ($124 billion), and the sales of failed thrift assets (29 billion) – Curry and Shibut (2000) The cost that the US government bore was much higher than the intended target, when President Bush announced the bailout in 1989, and resulted in a huge national deficit within that period (Kester and McGoun, 1989). b. Reduction in number of SL businesses The total number of SL businesses had fallen from 3,234 in 1986 to 1,645 in 1995, while 1,043 thrift organizations with assets of over $500 billion failed (Curry and Shibut, 2000). This was due to aggressive closures by the regulatory authorities that had been slow to react initially. Assets of insolvent banks were seized, shareholders were wiped out, and troubled loans and deposits were sold to other thrifts and banks, while the residual assets were sold at the highest possible price (White, 1991). The main aim of the regulatory authorities was to return customer deposits and increase net present value of losses (Curry and Shibut, 2000). Outstanding mortgages in the insolvent businesses were securitized in what is now called mortgage backed securities, and saved the regulatory authorities about $60 billion. The total market share of thrift organizations in terms of customer residential mortgages fell from 53% in 1975 to 30% in 1990 (Lannon, 1991) 6.REGULATORY REFORMS THAT ENSUED Following President Bush’s speech in 1989 regarding the scale of the SL crisis and the role the taxpayer had to play, it was clear that the current measures being put in place to tackle this crisis were not adequate enough to avoid an industry shutdown (Konoe, 2009). The Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery and Enforcement Act was therefore enacted in 1989, and passed by congress, and the main aim of this act was the restructure the US financial regulation, especially those supervising the thrift industry (FDIC, 2002). The major aim of the regulation was the dissolve the incumbent FHLBB (Supervisory bank board) and FSLIC (Deposit Insurance for thrifts), and establish the Office of Thrift Supervision, which would now be in charge of regulating and supervising activities in the thrift industry, and the Resolutions Trust Corporation, responsible for taking over and liquidating assets of incumbent organisations (Calavita et al, 1999). The FDIC, which was already responsible for deposit insurance for US banks were now given extended responsibility in insuring thrift organizations, therefore extending the same accounting, regulatory and risk standards expected of banks (FDIC, 2002). According to Salinger (2005), these actions came late in time, as if they were enacted early in 1986, the number of losses witnessed by the industry could have been greatly reduced and some of the liquidity could have been averted. However a number of lessons have been learnt based on these occurrences, and some of these lessons would subsequently be used in managing the subprime crisis. 7.LESSONS LEARNT The main lessons learnt from crisis that erupted within this period, was reflected in the method of supervision imposed on the thrift industry, and several other banks not necessarily operating in that capacity (Konoe, 2009). The Resolution Trust Corporation was entrusted to liquidate any thrift or bank that did not necessarily meet capital requirements, and fell short of regulatory standards in terms of risk profile and business activities. Apart from the 50% of thrifts liquidated, an extra 1,600 banks were also affected indirectly (Barth et al, 2004). Several operational guidelines were also imposed on the activities of thrift organizations; whilst the customers they could funds to were again restricted (Stewart, 1991). The steps taken by the regulatory authorities within that period for the thrift companies are very much different from that taken recently during the subprime crisis, when the US government decided to bailout failed banks, financial and insurance companies with funds totally $700 billion. For instance, instead of pumping money in order to shore up the capital of these organizations, the authorities then seized their assets, wiped out shareholders, and sold these assets. These ensured that failed organizations with bad management were not allowed to continue business services, and resulted in a fewer number of thrift organizations that were able to conduct business effectively (Meier, 2008). However, some of these strategies were adopted on a small scale for the failed Wachovia Bank, and several other state owned banks. The FDIC took over the assets of the company, and divided them based on their risk profile, then sold off these assets to other strong banks, whilst insuring them against future losses (Meier, 2008). This is very identical to the steps it took during the SL crisis, and illustrates that the regulatory authorities have learnt their lessons with regards to managing and liquidating the assets of insolvent organizations. The illusion that these organizations had learnt a lesson on a broad scale however, seems to have been lost when the same risky business practices and mortgage lending led to the failure of organizations during the subprime crisis (Konoe, 2009). It is even debated by Meier (2008), that it was the assurance of a bailout as witnessed during the SL crisis, that warranted those practices, citing that the US government would bear the cost if the subprime mess ever went under – which it did. 8.CONCLUSION Financial regulation is a two edged sword. Too much of it may lead to lack of competitive advantage and overregulation, while too little of it may lead endanger the whole financial economy, and whatever it stands for. Business practices that are solely based on profit maximization without consideration of the key stakeholders – which are the customers and tax payers that may eventually bear the brunt – would engage in activities that aim to increase their present net worth, with no consideration of future implications. Therefore financial regulation of these activities should be carried out in such a way that it ensures that these practices run profitably, whilst still considering its benefits the whole economy. 9.REFERENCES AP (1991) S. L. Case Convictions, www.nytimes.com, accessed: 02/01/10 Barth, J. R., Trimbath, S., and Yago, G. (2004) The Savings and Loan Crisis: Lessons from a Regulatory Failure, The Milken Institute Series on Financial Innovation and Economic Growth, Vol. 5, 440pp Brewer, E., and Mondschean, T. H. (1994) An Empirical Test of the Incentive Effects of Deposit Insurance: The Case of Junk Bonds at Savings and Loan Associations, Journal of Money, Credit Banking, Vol 26, pp231 – 256 Calavita, K., Pontell, H. N., and Tillman, R. (1999) Big Money Crime: Fraud and Politics in the Savings and Loan Crisis, University of California Press, 281pp Cebula, R. J., and Hung, C. (1992) The savings and loan crisis, Kendall/Hunt Pub. Co., 117pp Curry, T., and Shibut, L. (2000) The cost of the Savings and Loan Crisis: Truth and Consequences, FDIC Banking Review, December 2000 FDIC (2002) The SL Crisis: A Chrono-Bibliography, www.fdic.gov, accessed: 03/02/10 Haveman, H. A. (1993) Organizational Size and Change: Diversification in the Savings and Loan Industry after Deregulation, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 38 (1), pp20 – 50 Hemalin, B. E., and Wallace, N. E. (1994) The Determinants of Efficiency and Solvency in Savings and Loans, Rand Journal of Economics, Vol. 25, pp45 – 71 Hopkins, W. E., and Hopkins, S. A. (1984) Savings and Loan Industry: Strategic Responses to Regulatory Change, Business Society, Vol. 23, pp 37 – 44 Konoe, S. (2009) Financial Crises, Politics and Financial Sector Restructuring: A comparison between Japan and United States, Journal of Asian and African Studies, Vol. 44, pp497 – 515 Kester, G. W., and McGoun, E. G. (1989) Symposium on â€Å"The savings and loan industry: crisis or opportunity†, Organization Environment, Vol. 3, pp235 – 253 Lannon, K. M. (1991) Records Management and the U.S. Savings and Loan Crisis, Records Journal, Vol. 3 (4), 125 – 167 Mason, D. L. (2004) From buildings and loans to bail-outs: a history of the American savings and loan industry: 1831 – 1995, Cambridge University Press, 349pp Meier, B. (2008) Savings and Loan Crisis May Be Guide for Bank Bailout, www.nytimes.com, accessed: 02/01/10 Mishkin, F. S. (1998) The economics of money, banking and financial markets, Addison-Wesley, 732pp Salinger, L. M. (2005) Encyclopedia of white-collar and corporate crime, SAGE, 974pp Shoven, J. B., Smart, S. B., Waldfogel, J. (1991) Real Interest Rates and the savings and loan crisis: The moral hazard premium, National Bureau of Economic Research, Issue 3754 of Working paper series, 29pp Stewart, A. W. (1991) The savings and loan crisis: a bibliography, Vance Bibliographies, 11pp White, L. (1991) The SL Debacle: Public Policy Lessons for Bank and THrift Regulation, Oxford University Press, 208pp How to cite Free Finance Essay: Savings and Loans Crisis, Essays

Is Sexuality A Biological Or Cultural Process Essays - Gender

Is Sexuality a Biological or Cultural Process The aim of this essay, is to try and establish if sexuality, is an innate biological process that takes place as a result of our genetic make-up or wether sexuality is a result of our cultural back ground and the environment in which we are raised. These two differing theories are known as the nature/nurture debate, nature representing the biological theory for our sexuality and nurture representing environmental influences for our behaviour. The first part of the essay, will focus on the biological side of our sexuality and will put forward theories by Barnard, Hamer and Young, who will argue the point, that our sexuality is established at the foetal stage of our development. It is at this early stage of life, that genes carry specific information about who we are. A gene is a unit of hereditary that our sexuality is established through and the genes determine the biological characteristics of an individual, both physically and mentally. The essay will then give further evidence tha t our sexuality is biologically driven, by describing the changes our bodies undergo when we reach puberty, changes that are triggered by hormonal transitions. Hormones are chemical messengers, they send massages from glands around the body, which triggers a response in other parts of our anatomy. The essay will give evidence that, hormones are a biological indicator that we are biologically driven towards our sexuality. The second part of the essay will argue that, sexuality is greatly influenced by environmental factors, environmental factors such as rearing styles and differing cultural practises. It will look at different societies and the way in which they perceive sexuality and argue that sexuality is learned through a combination of expected social norms and observational learning, giving evidence from Bandura, Mead and Money along the way. Finally the essay will look at the evidence that has been put forward and sum up what has been debated, it will then draw a conclusion. From the point of conception, human beings are made up of 46 chromosomes, 23 male and 23 female. After insemination, paternal and maternal chromosomes fuse, this fusion determines the sex of the child. The amalgamation of two X chromosomes creates a female child, while the combination of X and Y chromosomes, leads to the development of a male offspring. Each chromosome contains thousands genes and each gene contains specific information about how part of the body will be formed. Genes are responsible for almost every aspect of the human body, from hair colour to the development of our organs, organs like the brain and it is within the brain were the biggest changes take place when our bodies under go their sexual metamorphous, during sexual maturation. When we reach sexual maturity, we have our first insight into our sexuality, an insight which is genetically programmed into our consciousness through our DNA, this theory is supported by the work of hamer et al ( 1993) who conducted a study of male sexual orientation. Hamer examined 40 pairs of gay brothers. He examined 22 genetic markers distributed across the X chromosome in order to see if brothers concordant for homosexuality, were also concordant for the markers. He found that the chromosomal region of xq28, at the tip of the long arm of the X chromosome, 33 of the 40 pairs of brothers shared all the markers. This was statistically different from the expected rate (20 out of 40) suggesting that the gene influencing male sexual orientation, lies within that chromosomal region In this study, Hamer along with many other fellow geneticists, is claiming that he has found the gene which dictates our sexual orientation, therefore genes are a precursor to our sexuality and our sexualit y is decided at an anatomical level in the womb. Whilst in the womb, it seems that our sexuality is being pre programmed by our genes but there are other biological developments taking place, namely the formation of our hormones, hormones which will lie dormant until the onset of puberty. The hypothalamus an important co-ordinating centre in the brain, signals the onset of puberty. The hypothalamus stimulates a gland just below it, the pituitary, to secrete hormones (chemical messengers carried in the blood). These are

My grandmother Essays

My grandmother Essays My grandmother Essay My grandmother Essay My grandmother and grandfather have kept a small group of extremely close friends, which she has found to be very rewarding as a social support group. The hardest part of getting older that my grandmother has found is seeing many of their close friends leave for the great social circle in the sky as she put it, but she found that working hard at keeping those who were important to her close to her was incredibly rewarding. The close friendships she maintained were the best support she ever found throughout her life. Friends that she kept close had many of the same values she did, or values she admired and aspired to obtain. Social support has also come from her family, a value that she obtained at an early age living with so many close relatives. Her entire family, two children, son and daughter-in laws and grandchildren all keep very close ties and provide frequent visits, phone calls, and e-mails to make sure that she is doing well. Although she a world-renowned writer and one would think her pride would lie mostly with her career, it is a true showcase of my grandmothers character that out of everything in life she is proudest of her children. She is especially proud of her son (my father) Joseph who is an incredible parent to his two children. Being a parent has been an unparalleled and most rewarding experience, and she takes great pride in her children and grandchildren as well. Secondly, she is most proud of her wonderful 56-year relationship with my grandfather and the strength of their marriage. Taking a back seat to family and friendship, my grandmother is also very proud of the National Book Award that she won in 2000 for her book Homeless Bird. The award was an exciting validation of a continuing career in childrens literature. The most prominent aspect of my grandmothers life has been her faith. Beginning when she was young, she was impressed and influenced by her fathers faith and hope throughout the Great Depression. All of her decision-making has been guided by the hand of God, and she feels that her faith really formed her. She believes that choices we make and the path we chose are all part of Gods plan for us, mistakes and lessons are learned and we are so often blessed with that which we might not deserve to help us see his guiding hand. Her great faith has helped her realize the incredible benefits of aging; the on-going quest and acquiring of knowledge is a truly spiritual and nearly inconceivable process. As one grows older they gain massive quantities of life experience to draw on and become more cognizant of their faults, often utilizing the looking glass self which allows others to reveal their failings to them. Aging, my grandmother has found, ultimately leads to a greater sense of identity and self. My grandmother is truly the picture of generativity. Her concern for the next generation is very apparent in her writing as she tries to preserve historical evidence and present it to children through her fictional writing. She is obviously aware of the many ways in which she has been blessed and very sensitive to the wants and needs of her husband who now genuinely needs her support. She has reached old age and faces death with a sense of integrity; her faith has lead her through a satisfying and meaningful life. Although she realizes that she is reaching the end, she is celebrating the many gifts life has presented her with and is satisfied with what she has been able to offer to others. The respect that I have for my grandmother is continually increasing, I do not know if I will ever be able to put into words how much of an idol she has served as for me in how I have shaped and the courses I have chosen in life. She has taught me the importance of a strong sense of self, how to value close friendships. She has shown me the wonderful support system and overall warmth family brings to ones life. Her amazing faith, which guided her through hardships and times of joy, showed me the importance of self-transcendence and the relationship I would someday like to build with God. Her steadfast and strong relationship with my grandfather has re-emphasized the importance of finding a true life partner and developing a relationship where conflict can be overcome. In her telling me about the social development and self-discovery she achieved in college I realize the importance of maximizing my college career and truly finding what I am passionate about as early in my life as I can. My father is a wonderful parent and I see how having children and watching them raise their own children can become the most rewarding experience in a persons life. I have inherited my passion for writing from my grandmother and I hope that someday I will be as skilled at using words to paint a picture is she is. The chapters of my grandmothers life have enlightened me greatly, as a quote from Anton Chekhov suggests her writing inspires me to do the same, Dont tell me the moon is shining; show me the glint of light on broken glass.

The Earths Core - Its Structure and Possible Composition

The Earth's Core - Its Structure and Possible Composition A century ago, science barely knew that the Earth even had a core. Today we are tantalized by the core and its connections with the rest of the planet. Indeed, were at the start of a golden age of core studies. The Cores Gross Shape We knew by the 1890s, from the way Earth responds to the gravity of the Sun and Moon, that the planet has a dense core, probably iron. In 1906 Richard Dixon Oldham found that earthquake waves move through the Earths center much slower than they do through the mantle around it- because the center is liquid. In 1936 Inge Lehmann reported that something reflects seismic waves from within the core. It became clear that the core consists of a thick shell of liquid iron- the outer core- with a smaller, solid inner core at its center. Its solid because at that depth the high pressure overcomes the effect of high temperature. In 2002 Miaki Ishii and Adam Dziewonski of Harvard University published evidence of an innermost inner core some 600 kilometers across. In 2008 Xiadong Song and Xinlei Sun proposed a different inner inner core about 1200 km across. Not much can be made of these ideas until others confirm the work. Whatever we learn raises new questions. The liquid iron must be the source of Earths geomagnetic field-   the geodynamo- but how does it work? Why does the geodynamo flip, switching magnetic north and south, over geologic time? What happens at the top of the core, where molten metal meets the rocky mantle? Answers began to emerge during the 1990s. Studying the Core Our main tool for core research has been earthquake waves, especially those from large events like the 2004 Sumatra quake. The ringing normal modes, which make the planet pulsate with the sort of motions you see in a large soap bubble, are useful for examining large-scale deep structure. But a big problem is nonuniqueness- any given piece of seismic evidence can be interpreted more than one way. A wave that penetrates the core also traverses the crust at least once and the mantle at least twice, so a feature in a seismogram may originate in several possible places. Many different pieces of data must be cross-checked. The barrier of nonuniqueness faded somewhat as we began to simulate the deep Earth in computers with realistic numbers, and as we reproduced high temperatures and pressures in the laboratory with the diamond-anvil cell. These tools (and length-of-day studies) have let us peer through the layers of the Earth until at last we can contemplate the core. What the Core Is Made Of Considering that the whole Earth on average consists of the same mixture of stuff we see elsewhere in the solar system, the core has to be iron metal along with some nickel. But its less dense than pure iron, so about 10 percent of the core must be something lighter. Ideas about what that light ingredient is have been evolving. Sulfur and oxygen have been candidates for a long time, and even hydrogen has been considered. Lately, there has been a rise of interest in silicon, as high-pressure experiments and simulations suggest that it may dissolve in molten iron better than we thought. Maybe more than one of these is down there. It takes a lot of ingenious reasoning and uncertain assumptions to propose any particular recipe- but the subject is not beyond all conjecture. Seismologists continue to probe the inner core. The cores eastern hemisphere appears to differ from the western hemisphere in the way the iron crystals are aligned. The problem is hard to attack because seismic waves have to go pretty much straight from an earthquake, right through the Earths center, to a seismograph. Events and machines that happen to be lined up just right are rare. And the effects are subtle. Core Dynamics In 1996, Xiadong Song and Paul Richards confirmed a prediction that the inner core rotates slightly faster than the rest of the Earth. The magnetic forces of the geodynamo seem to be responsible. Over geologic time, the inner core grows as the whole Earth cools. At the top of the outer core, iron crystals freeze out and rain into the inner core. At the base of the outer core, the iron freezes under pressure taking much of the nickel with it. The remaining liquid iron is lighter and rises. These rising and falling motions, interacting with geomagnetic forces, stir the whole outer core at a speed of 20 kilometers a year or so. The planet Mercury also has a large iron core and a magnetic field, though much weaker than Earths. Recent research hints that Mercurys core is rich in sulfur and that a similar freezing process stirs it, with iron snow falling and sulfur-enriched liquid rising. Core studies surged in 1996 when computer models by Gary Glatzmaier and Paul Roberts first reproduced the behavior of the geodynamo, including spontaneous reversals. Hollywood gave Glatzmaier an unexpected audience when it used his animations in the action movie The Core. Recent high-pressure lab work by Raymond Jeanloz, Ho-Kwang (David) Mao and others has given us hints about the core-mantle boundary, where liquid iron interacts with silicate rock. The experiments show that core and mantle materials undergo strong chemical reactions. This is the region where many think mantle plumes originate, rising to form places like the Hawaiian Islands chain, Yellowstone, Iceland, and other surface features. The more we learn about the core, the closer it becomes. PS: The small, close-knit group of core specialists all belong to the SEDI (Study of the Earths Deep Interior) group and read its Deep Earth Dialog newsletter. And they use the Special Bureau for the Cores website  as a central repository for geophysical and bibliographic data.

Interview question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Interview question - Essay Example Areas that have improvements over the national average will be highlighted along with weaknesses from observation as compared to the achievement scores. Development of goals begins with the production of a time management plan that consists of the required curriculum elements and how best to incorporate psychological principles of learning (such as social learning theory) into the classroom environment. Proper planning for social and cognitive learning must be developed into a goal-attainment plan. 2. Three month goals include an introduction of youth psychology into the learning plan that includes role modeling of teacher and high performing students so as to incorporate them into the classroom teaching structure. Previous primary research studies that found success in motivating youths in the concrete operational stage of development will be used as the foundation for teaching style in the first three months. The goal is to promote more group learning for the younger children to re duce egocentric behaviors common to this stage of development to improve the social environment and motivate retention. Students will be delivered a survey or questionnaire instrument with language developed appropriate for youths of these age brackets to identify key needs.

Accounting Issues Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Accounting Issues - Assignment Example Retained earnings are the accumulated wealth of earnings not paid as dividends that the company obtained over the years. The cash balance of the company as of December 31, 2012 was $2,800,000. In terms of retained earnings the company had a balance of $31,400,000. Based on the asset distribution of the company it seems as if the company invested its retained earnings in the past in property, plant, and equipment. Common stocks, preferred stocks, and bonds payable are three distinct financial instruments that corporations can utilize to raise money. A common stock can be defined as an equity security that has last claim on residual assets and earnings of a corporation (Tewales, Bradley, Tewales). Common stocks are traded in the open market and its price fluctuates daily. A common stock gives its owner a participation stake in the ownership of a company. Common stocks have voting rights. At the end of the fiscal year shareholders are eligible to receive dividends if the board of direct ors declares them. A preferred stock is a special type of stock that has a claim on a corporation’s earnings, dividends, and assets ahead of common stock, but behind debt (Tewales, et al.). Corporations are mandated to pay dividends to preferred stock holders. If dividends are not paid they become cumulative and must be paid in the next accounting period. Preferred stocks do not have voting rights. A bond is a long term note that corporations sell to the general public. A bond has the obligation of paying its holders an interest payment to be paid on a quarterly, semiannual, or annual basis. The interest rate paid on a bond is known as the coupon rate. The principal of the bond must be repaid to the investor in full upon maturity date. The use of preferred stock is ideal for the company for a variety of reasons. First of all the use of preferred stocks does not dilute the power of the current owners of the company because preferred stocks do not have voting rights. Most impor tantly preferred stocks are accounted for as an equity option. The debt on the balance sheet of the company will not increase by selling preferred stocks. The use of preferred stocks does have a cost as the company will be obligated to pay dividends to the owners of preferred stocks. The capital structure of the company did not include any preferred stocks at the end of 2012. The company has a covenant on its previous debt that requires the firm to maintain a debt ratio below 60%. The total liabilities of the company in 2012 were $48.6 million, while its total assets amounted to $90 million. The debt ratio of the company is 0.54. This ratio is an indicator of the solvency of the company. If the company were to acquire an additional $10 million in debt its debt ratio would increase to 0.65 violating the existing covenant on its debt. The firm would also not quality for a $20 million loan since doing so would increase its debt ratio to 0.76. The use of capital leases is a viable finan cing arrangement that the company can use to acquire equipment and machinery. The debt analysis performed on the company showed that additional debt is a limiting option due to a covenant on its existing debt that requires the firm to maintain a debt ratio below 60%. The use of a capital lease is a very attractive option because the debt on the lease is not reflected on the balance sheet liabilities section, but the asset being leased is considered an asset in the accounting books of the company. The use of a capital lease affects both the income statement and balance sheet of the firm. The balance sheet is affected because the leased equipment must be included in the asset section of the balance sheet under the

Ordinary People :: essays research papers

The book Ordinary People explains the troubles that occur in a typical American family. The family, the Jarrets, tries to maintain as much as a normal life as possible without a dysfunctional status. In the beginning of the story, the family deals with minor problems that had little impact to them. Since they had just moved to a new house in a new neighborhood, they try to establish relationships with other neighbors. Their son, Conrad, faces depression in which he must recover from through frequent visits to the hospital, and to his psychiatrist. The father of the family, Calvin, is a determined and responsible man, is positive on his outlook in life and looks forward to everything, including having a productive day at work. He tries to take care of Conrad by giving sending him to a psychiatrist. The mother, Beth, a strong working woman, is also like Calvin; she is responsible to the family as well. Obviously, the parents have no personal problems, but ironically they create conflic ts with each other. Although these conflicts are very minor, they eventually build up to separate the family later on throughout their marriage. An example of this was seen while the parents had troubles deciding where and when to go on vacation during their night out at dinner, because both their times conflicted with each other. The both of them always had minor conflicts that sprouted out every once in a while, but they were acceptable to each other. Conrad on the other hand had problems with his low self-esteem, grades in school, depression, suicide and interacting with other people. The loss of Buck brought Conrad down to his depression and low self-esteem, which eventually collapsed on his academic achievements in school. Also his social attitude towards society was weak, since his moods were always aimed towards quiet environments and loneliness. He took blame for his brother’s death in a boat accident and wanted to commit suicide. Conrad wanted to be in his own world, where he could relax and be in peace from all the annoying people in his life. The only people he really spoke with outside of his family were his teammates in his swim team, Lazenby, Bergen, his psychiatrist, Jeannine, and Karen. This did not necessarily mean that he liked the people he had relationships with. Conrad found his own teammates annoying, his psychiatrist too nosy in his life, and Karen wasn’t creditable either because she had similar problems like him, since they met each other at the hospital.

How can buyer attitudes about products country of origin affect marketing strategy Essay

A number of researches have been done on the effect of the county of origin (COO) on the acceptance of a product.   There has been close related studies examining attitudes within a country towards imported goods based on the evaluation of their country of origin.   Although most of the studies have focused on  Ã‚   consumer from the developed country, it has been shown that even consumers in the developing nations have developed certain attitudes on products based on their country of origin. There are some countries which are associated with high quality products while there are others which are associated with low quality products.   The attitude of the consumers about a product based on their country of origin affect the marketing strategy of the commodity since the marketing strategy will concentrate on creating a positive attitude on the products in the markets where customers have a negative attitude.   Compared to other marketing influences, country-of-origin has a lesser effect on the process of consumer decision making but it affects the overall acceptance of the products depending on the level of influence in the market. (Daser 1997, p.53) The concept of Country-of-origin Country of origin is an important factor that affects the consumer purchasing decision making and industry purchases.   The country of origin in combination with other marketing characteristics has great influences on the perception of the product in the market.   This is  Ã‚   based on the concept o superiority or inferiority. Most of the studies conducted on the issue assert there are few stereotypical images that are consisted across a number of nations.   For example the image of robustness of Gernamn products, the luxurious products from France,   the cheap products from Korea, the substandard products from china, and many others.   There are also positive stereotypical images that have also been upheld. For example the Iranian pistachios and rugs, vegetable from Poland, Oranges from Israel, Coffee form Columbia, French perfume, Silk from china,   Leather from Italy, electronics from Japan, and Rum from Jamaica. (Cattin 1992, p. 244) These stereotypes have not been based on emptiness. They have either been based on  Ã‚   hearsay, experience or just a myth. At the same time is has been shown that customers will react different from country of origin cues.   For example, Japanese goods are highly rated by consumers all over the world.,   in china western products which retail   at more than three times the domestic products are   in   relatively high demand, in Russia the country of origin of the product is more important than then the brand name of the product which   pus product from Malaysia, Hong Kong, Thailand and others still suspicious in the country,   Australian like French perfume but   thy will not buy French cameras of French wine, and   others Most of the studies conducted on the evaluation of the Japanese and American consumers have shown that Japanese products are considered to be of high quality  Ã‚   and therefore they are  Ã‚   preferred by the consumer to product from other countries.   This same effect has also been found in studies conducted in several other areas on the world.   Studies conducted in other areas in the world like Saudi Arabia and Bahaarian, Nova Sotia, Finland, South East Asia, Peoples Republic of China, Hong Kong, and other have all rated Japanese products as superior to other product in the world as far as it relates to service, promotion, and delivery. With the increasing presence of  Ã‚   foreign products in the domestic markets,  Ã‚   there have been increase studies in the last one decade about the perception of these productions the market and the preference of consumers when purchasing them.   The country of origin cue has become an important factor in the market as consumer tend to evaluate imported goods   differently than the way they   evaluate domestic produced goods. Most of the studies have been carried out in American and have shown that American consumes have a preference to certain products from some countries. They tend to purchase products from  Ã‚   some countries as compared to others.   This has shown a national stereotyping phenomena which is not limited to the US only but has been observed in other countries. The same findings have been found in England, Finland, Canada, New Zealand, France, and Singapore. (Howard 1994, p. 92) Consumer attitudes and perception of  Ã‚   important from various countries usually vary from one country to another. What the consumers of country A will perceive product from country X is not the same way consumer in Country B will view the same products.   Although it has been shown that the relationship between  Ã‚   the two countries  Ã‚   is an important factor, the overall reputation of the production the market is a major factor affecting the consumer perception. It has also been found out that even consumers writing the same country may have different views of the same product with show individual variance within the same country.   Consumers’ attitude about the product from a particular country can also vary with time as the rate of development and pace of industrialization changes.   Change in market development in the culture and  Ã‚   lifestyle in that particular country can also affect the perception of the product. (Akaah 2003, p. 78) A  Ã‚   country at its initial pace of development may accept cheap product from a country while this may change rapidly as the country develops its own industries. This varies with the levels of disposable income which signify the rise of a middle class in any country. As a middle class emerge in a country, it may have an influence in the perception of a product from country which may influence market trends. Early studies on consumer attitudes and preference of domestic and imported produces tend to focus on  Ã‚   just one cue instead of a number of cues that could show the market influences. However the trend have chanced in the last three decades with most studies focusing on multiple cues which   have been designed to use tangible products   rather that  Ã‚  Ã‚   description of the   products. According to these early studies,  Ã‚   the effects of Country of origin were shown to have a direct effect on the existing beliefs of eh consumers. The past experience on the product is also an import factors that influence the attitude that a consumer may have on the product from a certain country. Other studies have shown that it may necessarily be the same product that the consumer may have had an earlier experience with but it may be another product which will affect the construction about the product from that particular country. (Loureiro and Umberger 2002, p. 59) To create a certain perception about products from a certain country, consumer use  Ã‚   evaluation based inference to reason about the image of that product.   This means that it will evaluate factor of quality value, styling, and others and correlate them with  Ã‚   the country of origin.   This is known as the halo effect where a belief about a trait of a certain products which in this case is the country of origin of the product produces a certain belief structure on traits that are not known to the customer but which are congruent with the traits that have already been experienced by the consumer.   The willingness of any consumer to purchase a product is based on the  Ã‚   characteristics of the country of origin of the product and its people.   The perception about the country of origin may also be affected by the comparison that the consumer makes about the similarities and differences between their country and the country of origin of the product.   This comparison may be made in terms of the economic development, political status, the social culture climate, and other factors which may crate differences and similarities between the two nations. (Dougla and Nonaka 1995, p. 350) Therefore it shows the  Ã‚   country of origin is one factor that embraces so many other factors inside it.   There are other market considerations that are made about the country of origin that ultimately determine consumer perception of the  Ã‚   products.   In this case there are several factors that we can identify that influence the overall consumer perception of the country and the products. Some of these factors include the following: †¢ Quality †¢ Technology †¢ Features of the product †¢ Brand recognition †¢ Perception of value †¢ Advertising images †¢ Perception of retailers and distribution These are some of the factors that may affect consumer perceptions of the products based on the country of origin.   There are many other factors that a customer takes into considerations but these are the main ones. Let us look closely at each of these factors. (i) Perception of quality The quality of the product is important to the consumer as it is used to develop descriptive and inferential beliefs about the product and service.   The  Ã‚   actual consumer choice of a product can be as a direct function  Ã‚   based on these medicating beliefs.   This shows the  Ã‚   quality evaluation is important factor in the overall decision making process of the consumers.   If the consumer develops a positive quality attitude towards the product, they are likely to increase  Ã‚   their confidence on the  Ã‚   product evaluation before giving their final choice.   There are several studies that have documented that quality is second to price in the consumer choice of product from foreign countries. (ii) Technology sophistication perception Sophisticated technology can be defined as technology which involves a high level of  Ã‚   operation using complex material and equipment.   It is also as production process that uses high level of skills to formulate and develop products. In this case we can take the examples we had given earlier bout Japan. It ahs been argued that   products from Japan have been receiving a high   rating and   increased preference in different parts of the world owing to the   high level of   technology that is used to produce them.   It has also been shown that American consumers have shown increased preference to German made products owing the capability of German to produce high technology products.   Contrary to this   a study carried out in Austria showed that   they preferred products from   Euro pan compared to other products outside Europe due to the high level of technology used to produce   goods in Europe. (Crodel 2003, p. 53) (iii) Features of a   product as suited to the market The features of a product compared to other in the market are an important factor that determines the overall product perception and choice preference.   Simple features like colour of the product, has been shown to be an import factor in the purchase of product like bread as compared to  Ã‚   price and nutritional aspect of the bread.  Ã‚   Yellow coloured bread which appears to have been prepared with a lot of eggs is mostly preferred compared to white bread by consumers in the market.   A study carried out in New Zealand showed the colour of the automobiles was important in the overall effect of purchase of automobiles. (iv) Recognition of the brand   Consumers have shown increased preference of  Ã‚   well known brands compared to unknown brands owing to its prestige. It has also been shown that preference of favourite brands is a way of  Ã‚   reducing risk in the purchase decision.   Brand recognition is an important factor that helps the consumer confidence in the purchase of branded products.   A country with a portfolio of well known brands will create a positive attitude towards the consumers and they are likely to purchase other products from the same country event without  Ã‚   preference to quality of the product. In this case country branding is very important in influences the overall consumer perception of products from that country.   If we take a contemporary example of Japan and China, we will find the both of them are emerging markets in the world.   While Japan is reputed for its quality in and durable products, china on the other hand is known for  Ã‚   cheap low quality products.   Apparently china accounts for more than 70% of all the counterfeited products in the world.  Ã‚   Therefore it would be difficult to convince a consumer from a country that china which is reputed with cheap low quality products can actually produce high quality products. It has also been found out that consumer have an increased preference toward branded produces rather than unbranded products. A study carried out in Britain showed the American and French brands were preferred by British retail managers as they were more recognized compared to the domestic brands. (Bannister and Saundrsm 1998, p. 60) (v) Perception of values The perception of values involves the overall consumer assessment of the use of a product  Ã‚   based on the   consumer will give in monetary values and what they expect to receive in terms of  Ã‚   quality. This is a kind of a balance equation that the consumer makes regarding the products that they wish to purchase.   The past research that have been carried out on the perception of values have shown that compared to all countries in the world, Japanese products were low priced while at the same time they were considered to be of high values and therefore the consumes preferred to buy them because they got an acceptable product values for the amount of monetary sacrifice they made for that particular product.  Ã‚   A recent study has also shown that Japanese products are likely to be preferred to the US products even without so much concession on the price of the products. (vi) Advertising image The adverting strategies that are used in the market can improve the image of the products and therefore increase the consumer preference of the product.   There has been a reported relationship between advertising influence, that attitude toward a brand, and consumer preference in the marketing  Ã‚  Ã‚   of the product.   In the early emergence of the Japanese products, they were shown to receive a low key in the market  Ã‚  Ã‚   because they were not well advertised and their low prices  Ã‚   created a negative consumer perception.   After some years, Japanese product recorded increased sales in Canada, US, Britain, Hungary, and others where they had recorded low sales after an aggressive and competent advertising that changes consumer perception. (vii) Distribution and retailing perception   The realties influence the consumer preference and decision to purchase a product through their promotional efforts.   Retailers makes particular efforts to promote the products to in the market  Ã‚   through merchandise offering, merchandise display, reliable dissemination of information, and through many other efforts.   The retailer can also influence the consumers by presenting a higher credibility for a product and an apparent warranty and guarantees which increase consumer confidence in that particular product.   Consumer perception of a products has partly been linked to various level of activities carried out by the retailers in creating their awareness about that product in the market. Weak promotion activities have a negative effect on the consumer perception of quality and  Ã‚   preferences to purchase that particular product. (Cheung and Dention 1995, p. 55) There are the main factors that influence the perception of a product from a country.   This shows that  Ã‚   country of origin is influenced by the above  Ã‚   factors.  Ã‚   Consumer perception is not a  Ã‚   condition that is created at once but it is an after thought  Ã‚   which comes after interplay of the above factors.   Country of origin perception is not a condition that is crated overnight and does not evaporate overnight but it is a perception that may last for some time and may be difficult to deconstruct.

Things Fall Apart Character Analysis - 1564 Words

The story of â€Å"Things Fall Apart† is three part story that tells the life of Okonkwo. The main character in the story to which he is much known in nine villages. In part one of the story it shows us the way on how Okonkwo rose to power and becoming a very valuable person. He is very well respected on how hard he worked to get at the top. The struggles Okonkwo went through as a young child was pretty tough. His father Unoka was a failure. He had owed money to every neighbor he lived around. One thing that Unoka loved to do was play the flute. When Okonkwo father had passed away, Okonkwo was ashamed of him. Okonkwo started to become a great farmer growing up and then became the greatest wrestler out of the nine villages becoming famous. He†¦show more content†¦From there he was well received by his mother’s kinsmen in Mbanta. Note that Okonkwo mother is dead and Okonkwo has not been in Mbanta years ago. Uchendu which is the kinsmen has noticed Okonkwo and his family carrying their personal items. Uchendu has not spoken the reason why Okonkwo has come until the following day and from there Okonkwo has told him the whole story on what had happened and the reason why he came to Mbanta. In his second year of exile Okonkwo has gotten a visit from his friend Obierika to tell him some things that has been going on in Umuofia. Obierika has told them that a white man has appeared in their clan with an iron horse riding on it. The elders had spoken to the white man and the white man in response has told them that they would break their Oracle, break their clan, and also spread destruction. From that point on Obierika has left and paid another visit nearly two years later but this time circumstances were less happy. Obierika has told Okonkwo that the missionaries had come to Umuofia and built a church, won a handful of converts, and were already sending evangelists to the surrounding villages. Next after hearing everything that has been happening in Umuofia about the white man and missionaries taking over places and telling the villagers that there is only one God and trying to change their view on religion. Okonkwo exile of 7 years has come to an end he is ready to go back home.Show MoreRelatedThings Fall Apart Character Analysis1071 Words   |  5 PagesIn life, we all have fears whether it’s spiders, darkness, or even death. In Things Fall Apart, we see the fears of many of the main characters being shown especially in Okonkwo. Okonkwo was not born into power and wealth and it was up to him whether he was going to make something out of his life. His choice was to disregard his father’s ways and work as hard as possible so that he can become one of the most powerful men in his village of Umuofia. His work ethic and passion for success drive himRead MoreThings Fall Apart Character Analysis1568 Words   |  7 Pagesof â€Å"Things Fall Apart† is a three part story that tells the life of Okonkwo. The ma in character in the story to which he is much known in nine villages. In part one of the story, it shows us the way on how Okonkwo rose to power and becoming a very valuable person. He is very well respected for how hard he worked to get at the top. The struggles Okonkwo went through as a young child was pretty tough. His father Unoka was a failure. He had owed money to every neighbor, he lived around. One thing thatRead MoreThings Fall Apart Character Analysis1007 Words   |  5 PagesThe theme of Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart is that life is shaped more by outside events than what is inside you. Okonkwo is a man grappling with adversity and trying to define and walk his own path according to his own wisdom. Okonkwo rejects his father, and lives his life to be as different from his father as he can. Okonkwo is trying to determine his fate, yet the thing he wants to be least like he becomes which parallels his society’s struggle to navigate the changes of colonis ation andRead MoreThings Fall Apart Character Analysis824 Words   |  4 PagesChinua Achebe’s novel, â€Å"Things Fall Apart† is an extraordinary example of life lessons and internal battles characters can face. The novel show cases that sometimes characters can have struggles within themselves and that it does don’t necessarily have to be a person. Throughout the novel the audience gets to meet Okonkwo, the main character who is quite hard to read. As the book progresses the true Okonkwo is discovered. Okonkwo is faced with this immense pressure he puts on himself and soon weRead MoreThings Fall Apart Character Analysis1130 Words   |  5 PagesPower â€Å"No matter how prosperous a man was, if he was unable to rule his women and children (and especially his women) he was not really a man† (Chinua Achebe 53). This quote from Chinua Achebe’s novel Things Fall Apart demonstrates the power of men as it is presented throughout the novel. Things Fall Apart is the story of Okonkwo’s struggles in society, and his search for power throughout his life. During his exile, cultures clash and chaos erupts in the Igbo village. Okonkwo’s father, his exile in MbantaRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart917 Words   |  4 PagesEA 3.2 Literary Analysis: character analysis The introduction of a new culture to another culture can be quite a challenge, as well as life-changing for those individuals who decide to assimilate the new beliefs and customs. The arrival of the missionaries to Nigeria affected the the Ibo culture and introduced its people to a new set of religious beliefs and westernized customs. Chinua Achebe’s novel, Things Fall Apart, portrays the contrasting reactions of people to the new culture brought to theirRead MoreThings Fall Apart: Okonkwo Character Analysis Essay856 Words   |  4 PagesIn the novel Things Fall Apart, strength and pride are very important aspects of the main character, Okonkwo, however, these traits may sound like excellent traits to possess but because of the way he was raised, Okonkwo harbours many of his emotions under an outer shell of violence, strength and pride. His traits can be shown by looking at where he has come from in his life, for example, Okonkwo has acquired a large amount of wealth in his life because of his hard work and dedication which he alsoRead MoreEssay Character Analysis of Okonkwo in Things Fall Apart541 Words   |  3 PagesIn the novel Things Fall Apart, Okonkwo is portrayed as a respected and determined individual whose fatal flaw eventually works against him. Throughout the novel the readers are shown that Okonkwo has many of these Characteristics because he is obsessed with the idea of becoming just like his father. This becomes his flaw in the novel that puts him into exile and makes it hard for him to adjust to the changes that were made with in his village. Okonkwo is portrayed as a respected individual inRead MoreThe Analysis of the Main Characters and the Impact of Colonialism in Things Fall Apart and Avatar1868 Words   |  8 Pagesnatural resources, all the while disrupting your way of life. The only thing that you can do is react, maybe you choose to fight back, or maybe you learn to accept these new ways as your own. The Navi from Avatar and the Ibo from Things Fall Apart are both under the attack of an imposing nation, although the way that the natives and the invadors handle the situation are very different. Okonkwo and Jake Sully, the main characters from these two stories, have a huge impact on the outcome of the nativesRead MoreWork1068 Words   |  5 Pages2013 Things Fall Apart: Character Analysis Research Paper In the novel Things Fall Apart by Chinua Achebe, the main character Okonkwo has only one tragic flaw; he has raised himself so that looking weak or effeminate is the worst thing to him that he could do. Okonkwo is a model clansman based on his success. However, he is more alienated from his culture based on his lack of respect for it. In this research paper, I’ll walk through a character analysis of Okonkwo. The protagonist of Things Fall