Toys that Gender Stereotypes Essays - 510 Words

Toys that Gender Stereotypes Toys describe how children should act. Adults expect girls to play with dolls like Barbie and Cabbage Patch dolls. They expect boys to play with action toys such as X-men, GI JOE dolls, and Hot Wheels. This sexually stereotypes a kid, because this is suggesting that they girls to chase after so called cute looking guys at the mall and always be interested in fashion and money. For boys they are expected to be tuff and buff and shed no tears they are the ones with the racecars, and the toys also makes them violent. Toy is a major contributor to sexually stereotype girls and boys. Barbie dolls help stereotype girls by making them the airheads type. Mattel Toy makes the doll with big breast and always a†¦show more content†¦A recent article in the Corvallis Gazette-Times Newspaper demonstrates the stereotypical marketing tactics used by a major toy company, Hasbro. Hasbro is targeting little girls in their marketing by reintroducing the toy My Little Pony and by developing new toys such as the McDonaldland Happy Meal Girl and the Dial-A-Doctor Baby, which includes a cellular phone to call the doctor when baby is sick (Schlank). In a real-life survey made by Oregon State University, they found out that 40% of the respondents said they would buy a toy truck or car as a gift for a little boy. 61% percent answered they would buy a doll as a gift for a little girl. More importantly, the majority of the gifts for boys included activity and/or violence-oriented toys such as legos, games, sporting goods, sling shots, and guns. The gift list for girls included gifts such as stuffed animals, dress-up outfits, toy houses, kitchen sets, and medicine kits. This again shows how the stereotypical gender roles are introduced to children by the toys they interact with, which are introduced by adults. This teaches them that Rachel is learning how to be a good mother. She is learning the importance of nurturing her children, which implies that the female role is in the hom e (Goodman, 52). GI JOE toys are another factor towards sexually stereotyping but this is towards boys. They provide a stereotype by having the toys are have aShow MoreRelatedEssay on Gender Stereotypes and Toys900 Words   |  4 Pages Often when a couple becomes pregnant and finds out the sex of the infant, stereotypes begin to form. If the child is female, their room will often be painted pink with cutesy borders. The crib will have pink blankets with ruffles on them. The baby girl will be presented with soft toys and cute stuffed animals, as well as perhaps a baby doll or two. At the baby shower, the mother will typically be presented with pink and purple clothing, the colors of choice for a female child. When the babyRead MoreEssay on Gender Stereotype: Gender in The Toy Store1417 Words   |  6 Pagesyourself entering a toy department and noticing numerous diverse aisles. In one aisle, you encounter toys packaged in complementary and color triads colors that include building sets (s uch as â€Å"LEGO†, â€Å"LEGO Super Heroes†, and â€Å"Angry Birds†) and a wide selection of action figures—Spider Man, Transformers, The Dark Knight, Power Rangers, etc. In the next aisle, adjacent to the aisle with complementary and color triads colors, you find toys packaged in shades of pink and purple. These toys range from â€Å"HelloRead MoreHow Do Toys Affect Gender Stereotypes?1852 Words   |  8 Pages How do toys affect gender stereotypes? Children love toys because they find them enjoyable and help them in building an imagination. Toys are advertised on televisions and radios in order to get parents to buy them for their kids. Playing with toys helps to build character and teaches children the basics of early life, like shape-sorting or building things with building blocks. Some toys are educational and teach kids numbers, letters, and how to read using fun ways that they find understandableRead MoreEssay about Gender Stereotypes Among Childrens Toys504 Words   |  3 PagesGender Stereotypes Among Childrens Toys   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When you walk into the toy section of any store, you do not need a sign to indicate which section is the girls’ side and which section is the boys’ side. Aside from all the pink, purple, and other pastel colors that fill the shelves on the girls’ side, the glitter sticks out a lot as well. The boys’ toys however are mostly dark colors – blue, black, red, gray, or dark green. The colors typically used on either side are very stereotypical in themselvesRead MoreDo Toy Manufacturers Have A Responsibility For End Gender Stereotypes For Children?1787 Words   |  8 PagesDo toy manufacturers have a responsibility to end gender stereotypes for children? According to cook and Cusack (2010), Gender stereotypes are concerned with social and cultural construction of man and women, due to their physical, biological, sexual and social functions, structured set of beliefs about the personal attributes of man and women. Childhood is a fundamental and significant period in forming an impression of an individual boy or girl, and man or women finally. Subsequent researchersRead MoreToys Should Not Be Gender Biased Essay1321 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluence of gender stereotypes and let the child discover how they want to represent themselves. A large divide between little boys and girls is shown in the toy industry. The retail chain Target recognized the influence of the gender bias toys and the impact they have on children and parents and began neutralizing labels within the toy department. Toys should not be gender biased because gender stereotyping has wavered back and forth over the past fifty years. Gender-biased toys can have an impactRe ad MoreToys as Role Models1114 Words   |  5 PagesToys as Role Models Judy Attfield, who holds a PhD in history and design, has written numerous articles in relation to design history. Her articles, often written in a formal and informative style, concentrate on parenting and family issues. Citing the differences in the maneuverability designs of Barbie and Action Man, which embody the stereotypical clichà © of feminine passivity and masculine activity respectively, â€Å"Barbie and Action Man: Adult toys for girls and boys, 1959-93† (P. Kirkham (EdRead MoreWomen s Social And Mental Development1439 Words   |  6 Pagesprovide highly idolized characters, but creates unrealistic and falsified interpretation of what it mean to be a specific gender. As a result, it can be seen that today’s modern western pop cultural, has become globalized into an industry of gender roles in which has transformed mainstream television, commercial ads, movies and toys. Stereotypical traits have been assigned to each gender and has become a significant probl ematic concern among adults in raising children. With the significant rise for entertainmentRead MoreHow Long A Male Child Will Play And Or Interact With A Toy Once They Are Told The Toy1416 Words   |  6 Pagesor interact with a toy once they are told the toy is â€Å"for girls†. Though this topic can be complex to study, it is incredibly relevant due to the fact play in general; has a huge impact on children and their development along with enhancement in the context of multiple skills, such as social skills, emotion regulation, affection and attention span. Weisgrama (2014) suggested that gendered toys along with gendered jobs were already noticed by young children, for example, if a toy is a more masculineRead MoreShould There Be Gender Specific Toy Aisles Lining The Rows?992 Words   |  4 PagesShould there be gender specific toy aisles lining the rows in stores? How much does this reassure the sociological idea of gender itself? Does putting restrictions on kidsâ₠¬â„¢ toy decisions effect them in a negative way? Research has shown that it is natural for kids to want to experiment with different toys and identities. Pushing kids into a box of what they can, or cannot play limits their true potential and imagination. Growing up, people can attest to the memory of them having gone to McDonald’s

Media Influences Terrorism - 779 Words

Terrorism has been a controversial topic ever since the 19th century, during Napoleon’s invasion of Spain in 1807 (White, Jonathan, et al. 123). The term’s meaning has changed over time throughout history, and has sparked debates over its true definition (White Jonathan, et al. 7). It was not until after the 9/11 attacks, when the media started to bring terrorism in its headlines. By then, terrorism became a popular topic for its drama. Drama attracts audiences to read, watch, or listen to their advertisements (White, Jonathan, et al. 74). I believe the media does influence terrorism because it attracts attention, generalizes certain groups of people, and the use of communicating through the internet. Without having terrorism in their â€Å"topics-to-talk-about† list, any other news coverage would be considered as, â€Å"boring†. To begin with, one of the most noticeable factors the media has with influencing terrorism is attracting attention. The governme nt uses ways of sending their messages to the media; who then displays the message to the viewers. One way would include reporting terrorist events (White, Jonathan, et al. 74). There are advantages and disadvantages to reporting terrorism. The advantage would be allowing the public to know what is going on in their country or in other countries. On the other hand, a disadvantage to that would be that it is giving the terrorist the attention that they wanted. Terrorists love the attention because their actions are witnessed by manyShow MoreRelatedHow Media Affect People s Subconscious Judgments1200 Words   |  5 Pages103 26 June 2017 Exploratory Essay How Media Affect People’s Subconscious Judgments Nowadays, society is growing and becoming more modern, so media take a significant role which has a big effect on people’s lives. Media are all the organizations, such as newspapers, magazines, radio, television, Internet, and more, that provide news and information to the public. The human subconscious mind is considered as information storage. Thus, media influence people’s subconscious daily through news, advertisementsRead MoreHow Media Affect Peoples Subconscious Judgments1200 Words   |  5 PagesJenelle Herman ESL 186 06 Dec 2016 How Media Affect People’s Subconscious Judgments Nowadays, society is growing and becoming more modern, so media take a significant role which has a big effect on people’s lives. Media are all the organizations, such as newspapers, magazines, radio, television, Internet, and more, that provide news and information to the public. The human subconscious mind is considered as information storage. 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Although traditional television watching and newspaper reading are no longer as popular as before, people spend more time in front of computers listening to music and radios, reading news and information, interacting with other people in social network and watching television programmes and films. The developing technology of mobile phone allows people to do almost everything they can do with the computer. Nowaday, people are living in a world ‘saturated by media sounds and imagesRead MoreEssay on Media Violence and The Effects on Children1968 Words   |  8 Pages Does media violence have a negative effect on children? On September 11th, 2001, millions around the world crowded around televisions across the globe, watching the horrific scenes of terrorism that had struck New York City, Washington, D.C and Pennsylvania on that ill-fated and now infamous morning. Our sense of security and impenetrable protection crashed 110 stories to the shaken streets of New York City. We watched with shock and horror, disbelief and grief as the images were repeatedly flashedRead More The Media Influence on Society Essay2086 Words   |  9 PagesThe Media influence on society According to Noam Chomsky, â€Å"What lies behind us and before us are very small matters compare to what lies right to the face.† The issue of the media influence on society’s cultural structure has frequently been debated. The impact on the audience by the media influences the interpretations of social order. Also, the media goes hand in hand with American politics. 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Americans perceive the political, economic, class, educational, and other structures of American society because of, by, and throughRead MoreThe CNN Effect2884 Words   |  12 Pagesforeign policy that â€Å"was dominated by the perceived threat of global terrorism, rogue states, and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (Robinson, 2005).† Because coverage of the 9/11 attacks took place in a manner that stressed a fear of potential crises occurring it caused US policy to be geared towards those dangers and was a prime example of the CNN Effect. 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Youth Sub Culture Free Essays

Research on contributing factors to negative Research on Contributing Factors to Negative Youth Subculture and Preventing It 26 November 2012 Table of Contents Introduction3 Youth Needs Met In Subculture3 Supporting Youth Before Negative Subculture Does7 Conclusion9 Introduction Youth subculture is a subculture by youths with distinct styles, behaviors and interests. It offers a particular culture to the youth who are looking for someone or some group that they can identify with. The characteristics of the youth subculture differs, it can be expressed through their fashion, speech style, perception and social groups. We will write a custom essay sample on Youth Sub Culture or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lots of times the youth subculture can be around a certain type of music. There are many kinds of youth subculture out there that allow youths to not only identify with it but to also normalize their expressions according to the subculture they identify with. Some subcultures cultivate the youths to express themselves artistically, such as punk, hip-hop, graffiti, beat boxing, cheerleading and Goth; some normalize their expression of identity, like gangs, nerds, obsession with a sports team, and Emos (Wood, 2003). However, the danger is when youths are involved in negative subculture like gangs, punk, Goth, hooligans, or even Emos; these subcultures will nurture an antisocial behavior that cause harm to self or others. Around the ages, ten to sixteen years old, they are experiencing a lot of physical, emotional, mental and social changes, thus these are few of the contributing factors to the interest of subculture that will be discussed later on in this paper. This paper will study about the contributing factor and effects of the ever-changing negative youth subculture and how help them. Youth Needs Met In Subculture Daniel Seigel (2001) communicates that a person’s identity is shaped based on the interaction of how a person’s relationship is harnessed and made sense in the brain. At age of a teenager, a youth, according to Erikson (Stevens, 2008), is in a stage, which a child is neither a child nor an adult. Life gets more complex as there is an inner desire to attempt to create their own identity. Therefore they struggle with social interactions and test their own moral issues. They have a strong desire to be separated from their own family in order to explore and to identify themselves as an individual but deep down inside, there is a want for that protection of the boundaries provided by the family. Youths are constantly in conflict with themselves let alone with their family and friends. The search is continuous until the inner self is satisfied. It is during this period (Hardy Laszloffy, 2005) which makes this stage of life vulnerable to negative youth subculture. Without the right people supporting the youth, they tend to end up with role confusion. Thus, how these youth make sense of their identity (Seigel, 2001) is based on how people build relationships with them. Building relationships is to feed the needs of the inner desire of a person. The subculture provides the needs that a youth crave for which cannot be found in the home. Due to that reason some youths are drawn to a specific subculture. There are a lot of psychological factors that negative subculture provides to the seeking youth which will be discussed in this paper. Subcultures are different from country to country because youths are still very much dependent on the social-economic and political influence of the area that they are in. The social-economical and political influence youths indirectly through the structure of the family and they can also influence them directly (Falk Falk, 2005). For example, the political issue of family control like practicing the once child policy in China in 1978 and advocating the ‘Stop at Two’ policy in Singapore in 1975, affects the parenting method towards their children. Controlled by the government on childbirth, these children became more precious (Settles Sheng, 2008; Ang Dion H, 2006), therefore the parenting methods changes to help their children to perform at their best. Some parents become more authoritarian to see the children perform well in the society, however it is also one of the emotional neglects. Inside, they are filled with rage, despair and hopelessness in self; so when the youth finds the negative subculture that provides the emotional needs that the youth yearns for, they take comfort in the new subculture this child has found. Negative subcultures that appeal to these youth are mainly gangs (Kirby, et al. , 2000). The negative subculture encourages these youth to stand up and fend for them selves, to be resilient by going against the wishes of the family and be rebellious towards authority. With the building of these habits in them, the child will slowly develop antisocial behavior like Conduct Disorder (CD), Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD). In contrary of this, there is the other parenting effect such as over protective and pampering attitude towards their children. This causes the other kind of subcultures, namely bullies and bimbos. These youths looks and expects the social circle that they are in to give them the same protection, fame and attention that they have gained in their home. The rich, spoilt and showy or smart and sporty kind attracts a certain group of youth who desperately wants the same privilege in the clique and submit to these youths. Some of the subculture derived from these can be positive if the value of the subculture is healthy, for example sports group that believes building healthy lifestyles can build the youth’s self confidence, self awareness and physical fitness. However if the sports group is about building fame, the youth will strive hard to fit in for fame and will develop antisocial behavior like Conduct Disorder (CD). Such negativism in a subculture will lead these youth to develop a chance of depression and risk. Economics is also one of the contributing factors in subculture. It affects the rich and the poor. Nowadays most youths will try all means and ways to earn money (Haenfler, 2006). Survey mentioned that some youths, works part time to earn money, some demand from their parents and some work in gangs selling drugs, sex, pirated or illegal items, and even through selling of stolen goods. Research from 1979 till 2009 found that gangs who address the financial needs in a youth are commonly found in either the middle class or the lower class families all over the world (Falk Falk, 2005) (Williams, 2007) (Wood, 2003) (Kirby, et al. , 2000) (Hardy Laszloffy, 2005) (Haenfler, 2006). The biggest contributing factor to a youth is the family. Having a family in Singapore is not cheap; the cost of living in Singapore is high. An household income of a basic needs for a family in 2011 is 35% for a mid-income family with salary of $2000 – $3999; The 39% of the salary is spend on child’s basic education; 4% goes to Central Provident Fund Board (CPF) 75% of the salary earned by are contributed to these parts and parents worked very hard just to send them for tuition (Perception of Policies in Singapore Survey (POPS)(2): Survey on Marriage and Parenthood (M7P) Package 2008, 2011)(MSS Monthly Payment, 2012). Due to the high demand of living expenses in Singapore, Parents must work very hard to earn a living in Singapore and some parents from that group will have a high tendency to neglect the child’s emotional needs (Ng, Ho, Ho, 2011). Although some hire maids to help provide basic needs to the family like cleaning, cooking and to attend to the youth, there are some youths who still feel neglected because the maids do not understand their needs. These children will then turn to gangs around their neighborhood. Some youth come from broken families like abuse, gangs, addicts and homosexual; some youths come from families that are made up of single parent, mix and ideal parents. Families play an important role in providing that security, love, attention and boundaries that a youth need during the search for their identity. When all these needs are met, it develops a good and secure child-parent attachment (Bowlby, 2006). When any of these are lacking, and are not found from the supportive environment such as school and social services, these youths are vulnerable to be drawn into negative youth subcultures. They will fit themselves according to the youth subculture that meets their craving needs. In Singapore, negative youth subculture that these youth could fit themselves into either Goth, gangs, addicts and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning, intersex, and asexual (LGBTQI). It can also happen to youth who comes from an ideal family like the case of Ted Bundy who was executed in 1989 (Michaud Aynesworth, 2000) Education and Social are another contribution in developing subculture. Singapore has very high standards in terms of education and is well known or their high achievers. It is known to be one of the most drilling education systems in the world. Therefore, youths who are not able to catch up and score good grades are easily put down socially. If a particular group of youths, who are smart, straight A achievers, studies very hard, whose primary hobby is to study or has high IQ are considered nerds. Although this subculture was not created by them but it was label by those who do not have that ability to produce remarkable results (Falk Falk, 2005). There are the other extreme end who considered themselves as failures for they are not able to achieve results expected from them and are constantly being put down by schoolmates finds security in gangs. Gangs are able to normalize the expectations people have on them and to create new expectations that are achievable and against people who hurt them (Hardy Laszloffy, 2005). Socially, youths want to be identified, thus there are also a lot of stress in the social game play known as peer pressure. Youth are constantly under peer pressure. There are a lot of social and moral values that are being tested in friendships. Some youths are able to stand firm on their own values and make appropriate choices, however there are some youths who are dependent on their friends. They can be so dependent on their friends that they are afraid to loose them; therefore they become easy targets for manipulation and are easily pushed into undesirable subcultures (Falk Falk, 2005) (Bowlby, 2006). The similarities of all the youth subcultures posses are to provide a protective environment, giving these youths an identity, autonomy and distinctiveness. In return of being in the subculture, they also require youths to be committed and accountable to the leader. However the downside of it is the existing force of peer pressure, the degrees of pressure differs from each subculture, and to perform and meet expectations. The difference between a subculture and a negative subculture is that the subculture has the potential to support the well being of the youth but the negative subculture has the potential to develop antisocial behavior, depression and risks. Supporting Youth Before Negative Subculture Does The Singapore government understood the need to support the well being of the youths because these youths are the next generation that will succeed the current generation. Many studies were made to understand the sociology of youth subcultures in Singapore. They also recognize the growth of the diverse subcultures and are fully aware about the negative subcultures impacting youths. There are a total of 1,082,300 youths in Singapore in 2011. 3. 3 out of 1,000 youths are sexually active and are married under parental consent due to pregnancy, and the juveniles (Youth Statistic in Brief 2011, 2011) and youth-at-risk who are arrested are 4,174 youth. Singapore has also stepped up to give ample services and support to youths so that they will deviate from the negative subcultures that are active in Singapore. Ministry of Social and Family Development (MSF) has come forward with a system for youths who are ODD and CD. They are given a second chance by going through Guidance Program, for offending youth and Beacon Works or Pre Complaint Counseling for youth Beyond Parental Control before charging them (Management of Juvenile Delinquency in Singapore, 2010). Singapore has provided a lot of support in helping the youths to either stay away from negative youth subcultures or to help youths detach from it. Some service supports provided to these youth are Youth Care Corners, National Youth Council program, Teen Challenge, Beyond Social Service and ConcernSg. They provide subcultures like creative arts, sports and gaming supervised by social workers. The other supports that can help the youths stay away from negative youth subcultures are family involvement. It is important to understand the youth’s love language in order to fill up their love tank. Studies shown that the foundations of developmental pattern in a child are how parents build good child-parent relationship and good child-parent relationship develops a secure attachment (Bowlby, 2006). Parents are also able to understand their youth and who they are because parents are very much involved in building relationships with the youth. It is crucial at this point because youths are looking for their identity based on their relationship with people around them. The decisions made by the youths are also very much based on the relationship between people and them because relationship shapes their mindset. Therefore to build a youth of resilient and good values are very much based on family (Seigel, 2001). There are a few steps that are commonly practiced in bringing up a youth. One of them is to find common interests between you and your youth. If there is no common interest, at least be interested in their interest. Through common interest, the youth finds connection and a voice to express their thoughts. Aspire your youth’s interest and tap on their motivation to learn because interest adds enjoyment to life (Hurlock, 2001). Talk to them like and adult, and discuss matters calmly so that the youth can understand your point of view. Piaget’s theory on cognitive ability is in two parts; the period of sensorimotor intelligence and the period of conceptual intelligence. This helps a person to mature in the development of understanding. So before your youth are able to understand you, you must first understand them by listening through non-judgmental conversation and then advise them appropriately from your understanding. Such processes helps youths to harness the development of understanding maturely (Ang Dion H, 2006) (Falk Falk, 2005). Social development and adjustment is also crucial for them. Their social circles are ever changing, thus the only people that are constant in their social circles are normally their family members. The other step is to participate in their social relationship. Get to know their friends, allow them to share their experience and feelings about their friends. You will find that some of their friend will change depending on the interest and maturity of understanding between them. As the youths meet social expectations, they tend to have difficulty in learning how to be approved. Here parents are encouraged to support them in values that are being instilled. Praise them for overcoming their challenges and get them to talk about their challenges and walk with them though it (Stevens, 2008) (Seigel, 2001) (Hardy Laszloffy, 2005). The last and the most important part of the youth’s growth is their physical development. At this age, there are hormonal changes, physical changes and because of the media influence of a size zero figure, and most youths either have obesity or anorexic disorder. As parents, help them to love themselves by regulating their emotion. Emotional balance can be controlled in two ways, control the environment, providing positive environment, and the other is to help the youth develop emotional tolerance. You can help your youth to release pent-up emotional energy by giving space for the youth to calm down after emoting negative emotions and talk about their feelings and generate ways to cope negative emotions (Hurlock, 2001) (Bowlby, 2006) (Falk Falk, 2005). Emotional balance is essential so that they are able to cope with hurtful words hurled at them because of their physic. Help them to cope with the emotions of growing up, and to look at themself from a positive point of view. When youths are happy they tend to appreciate the uniqueness of himself or herself as an individual. Conclusion Singapore provides lots of parenting programs such as Parenting with Confidence by Focus on the Family, Parenting Seminars by Ed Unloaded and organizations such as Ministry of Social and Family Service. Singapore has stepped up in advocating good parenting styles because they acknowledge that it will determine and help steer youths away from negative youth subculture. It also builds resilience in the youths to stand up and fend for themselves when other youths from negative youth subcultures approaches them. Therefore it is important of us to keep ourselves abreast with the youth culture and help our youth to make wise choices before participating in any youth subculture. REFERENCES Williams, J. P. (2007). Sociology Compass. Youth-Subculture Studies: Sociological Traditions and Core Concepts , 572-593. Wood, R. T. (2003). The Straighedge Youth Sub-Culture: Observation on the Complexity of Sub-Cultural Identity. Journal of Youth Studies , 6 (1), 33-52. Youth Statistic in Brief 2011. (2011, November 2). Retrieved from National Youth Council Singapore: http://www. resourceportal. nyc. sg/nycp/nycp. portal? _nfpb=true_pageLabel=static_resources#wlp_static_resources Ang, R. P. , Dion H, G. (2006). Contemporary Family Therapy. Authoritation Parenting Stle in Asia Societies: A Cluster-Analytic Investigation , 28 (1), 131-151. Bowlby, J. (2006). A Secure Base. New York: Routledge . Falk, G. , Falk, U. A. (2005). Youth Culture and the Generation Gap. USA: Algora Publishing. Hurlock, E. B. (2001). Child Development. Singapore: McGraw-Hill International Edition. Haenfler, R. (2006). Straight Edge. USA: Rutgers University Press. Hardy, K. V. , Laszloffy, T. A. (2005). Teend Who Hurt: Clinical Interventions to Break the Cycle of Adolescent Voilence. London: The Guilford Press. Kirby, M. , Kidd, W. , Koubel, F. , Barter, J. , Hope, T. , Kirton, A. , et al. (2000). Sociology in Perspective (AQA ed. ). Oxford: Reed Educational Professional Publishing Ltd. Ng, I. Y. , Ho, K. W. , Ho, K. C. (2011). Class, Family Environment and Youth Social Participation: Evidence form Singapore. National University of Singapore, Department of Social Work. Singapore: National University of Singapore. Management of Juvenile Delinquency in Singapore. (2010, April 14). Retrieved November 24, 2012, from Ministry of Social and Family Development: http://app. msf. gov. sg/Publications/ManagementofJuvenileDelinquency. aspx Michaud, S. G. , Aynesworth, H. (2000, April 1). Ted Bundy: Conversations With a Killer: The Death Row Interview. MSS Monthly Payment. (2012, November 24). Central Provident Fund Board: Saving For Retirement . Singapore. (2011). Perception of Policies in Singapore Survey (POPS)(2): Survey on Marriage and Parenthood (M7P) Package 2008. National University of Singapore, Lee Kuan Yew: School of Public Policy. Singapore: National University of Singapore. Seigel, D. J. (2001). The Developing Mind: How Relationships and the Brain Interact to Shape Who We Are. New York, USA: The Guilford Press. Settles, B. H. , Sheng, X. (2008). One Child Policy and Its Impact on Chinese Families. Delaware University . Australia: XV Wolrd Congress of Sociology. Stevens, R. (2008). Erik H. Erikson: Explorer of Identity and the Life Cycle (Rev 1st Edition ed. ). Hampshire: Palgrave Macmilan. [pic] How to cite Youth Sub Culture, Papers

Monitoring and Review System for Organization - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theMonitoring and Review Systemfor Organization. Answer: Introduction The following essay deals with the various aspects of the monitoring process of an organization. How much important the monitoring is for the company, how the employees as well as the management of the organization deals with it are the main structure of the essay. In the essay many ways of monitoring is mentioned long with the issues that can occur in the organization due to the monitoring. The remedies of the issues are also mentioned in the essay. It is known to all that the prime responsibility of the management of the organization id to look after the various organizational factors properly and to improve them by following some certain and specific guidelines. Thus if the monitoring process is not correctly done by the authority of the company, the management would not be able to get success for their business. For the sake of the betterment of the business, the management of the organization would have to be concerned about the monitoring process of the Company. Other than thes e there are also some other aspects that the authority would have to be aware of, which are mentioned in the next passages. This will help the management of thee company to determine and prepare new and modified monitoring strategies for the company or the business of the company. Monitoring and Review Process Monitoring and review process is one of the main and prime aspects that the authority of the company must be aware of for the betterment of the company(Beasley, 2013). in this process, the management of the organization would have to look after all the aspects of the company or the organization such as the employee performance of the company, customer service quality of the company, the satisfaction of the employees of the company, the customer satisfaction and many other factors. If the management of the organization does not look after the mentioned factors, they would not be able to get success for their business. On the other hand, the review process is another thing that the company or the authority of the organization should use for the betterment of the trade of the organization. if the management of the company do not recheck the performances and the works of the employees of the company they would not be able to develop their own skill, which is obviously not good for the co mpany. thus the management of the company is responsible for the monitoring and the review system of the company for the sake of the improvement of the trade of the company(Emerging Technologies and Ethical Issues in Engineering, 2004). Issues in the Monitoring or Review System While monitoring the organizational aspects, there are many issues which occur in the organization due to some of the mistakes by the leaders and the managers of the company. it is the responsibility of the management of the organization to implement proper strategies for the prevention of the issues(Holliday and Cole, 2013). The most common issues due to the monitoring process are the employee performance, the satisfaction of the employees and the communication between the employees of the company and the management of the company. If the management does to monitor or control the employees, they would not be able to get involved with the jobs which are not a good thing for the company or the management of the company. These are the main issues that the company or he management of the company must be aware of and should implement the correct plans for the remedy of the issues(Juon, Greiling and Buerkle, 2015). If the management of the company can flow all the mentioned guidelines for the sake of the betterment of the organization, they would surely be able to get success in a short span of time. Future Monitoring Plans To set the future strategies for the monitoring of the employees of the company, the first thing that the employees must do is to build a nice and pleasant relationship with the management of the company(Kim, 2009). if the communication between the management and the employees is not good, the employees might become disobedient towards the management of the company. thus they have to maintain the behavioral aspect. The next thing that the management of the company must do is to look after the basic needs of the employees of the company(Marek, 2011). if the employees of the company are not satisfied with the facilities provided by the management of the organization they would be disappointed which is not good for the future of the company. the third aspect is the environment of the workplace(Rowley, 2016). The management of the company would have to provide a nice and better working environment to the employees for their satisfaction. These are the prime strategies that the management of the company must use for the betterment of the monitoring and reviewing process of the company(Sheehan, 2010). Conclusion To conclude the essay it must be mentioned that the monitoring process and the review system is one of the main thing that the management should think of for the ultimate development of the organization or the business of the organization. as mentioned earlier, to make better plans regarding the monitoring process the management of the company would have to maintain a nice and pleasant communication with the employees of the company. This will smoothen the procedure. It is quite clear that if the management of the company can make it possible to use the monitoring strategies properly and with proper skills, they would be able to get success for the future of the company. All the mentioned strategies are equally important for the company. if the management of the company can follow the guidelines the business of the organization would be benefited in many ways, otherwise it would be tough for the company or the authority of the company to run the business successfully. References Beasley, M. (2013).Practical web analytics for user experience. 1st ed. Waltham, MA: Morgan Kaufmann. Emerging Technologies and Ethical Issues in Engineering. (2004). 1st ed. Washington, D.C.: National Academies Press. Holliday, E. and Cole, C. (2013).An Examination of Rater Agreement: The Behavioral Functioning of Children Engaged in a Wraparound Model of Care. 1st ed. Juon, C., Greiling, D. and Buerkle, C. (2015).Internet marketing start-to-finish. 1st ed. Indianapolis, Ind.: Que. Kim, Y. (2009).Combining constructed response items and multiple choice items using a hierarchical rater model. 1st ed. Marek, K. (2011).Using Web Analytics in the Library. 1st ed. Chicago, IL: ALA Editions. Rowley, J. (2016).Information marketing. 1st ed. London: Routledge. Sheehan, B. (2010).Online marketing. 1st ed. Lausanne: AVA Academia.

The Teenage Girl free essay sample

It is the most satisfying feeling in the world. So for me to get to go to my first Metal concert a few years ago, you can imagine there was no happier guy on earth that day. It was a school day, but as you can guess, I had no intention of going to school. I had bought that beautiful little piece Of paper reading, Lamb Of God. FIEF My suffering has almost come to an end. My patience is finally about to pay off. The only thing standing between myself, and the most glorious experience of my life, was a few hundred miles of interstate, and a line of eager fans much like myself. We will write a custom essay sample on The Teenage Girl or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Now, I had been waiting for this life changing experience for far too long to not be right up front, looking my idols in the eye. So I planned my trip so I would be the first person in line, and the first to the front of that stage. Its 4 in the morning, and I have to leave right now!Unfortunately, it wasnt quite time for my voyage to start just et, had to pick up a couple people to come with me before I left, but I sure as hell made sure they were ready to go fifteen minutes before I even left to pick them up. My buddy TTY, and my bands manager Dillon were also big fans of all of the bands on the line-up for that night, so they were hitching a ride with me. TTY is pretty much an acquired taste kind of person. He definitely isnt warm and welcoming right off the bat, and he generally never has money. hey man let me bum a smoke, or BRB do you want buy me some food? Were often heard sneaking out of his mouth, as if his mouth didnt really want o let it out because it knew he was being an ass- You could also say he isnt the best looking guy around. We all make jokes that he looks like Lars Lurch of Metallic, poor guy. Then theres Dillon. You know Thomas the Train, The little engine that could? Well Dillon was The big manager that couldnt. Always making horrible deals, and sending us to terrible shows, resulting in his termination as manager, but I digress. Hes a big brute who doesnt take sit from anyone, and loves to drink and listen to heavy metal and hang out with chicks.Thus the reason we hired him. So picked them up, and off we go, on an epic journey to our personal heaven. Once I started the car, It was on. Said, guys, I hope you passed before this morning because Im not stopping until were there. I suppose I should tell you, we lived in the middle of nowhere in Nebraska at the time, and there was in Colorado. Against my will, my screaming stomach forced me to stop at a McDonalds about half-way there, which was good because Dillon had informed me that he was about to pips his pants, and I had just got done extensively cleaning my car. After the short break, it was back to business.More driving, down that seemingly endless stretch of pavement leading to the best day of my life. Im going to go ahead and skip the rest of that agonizing drive for you, because Im too embarrassed to talk about the fact that got us lost for about 20 minutes. So here we come, over a small hill, looking down on the colossal venue that were about to see our idols in, and you can almost hear some triumphant symphony in the distance saying, youre here! . We park in what seems to be a ghost town at the moment, but soon we will be three members f an army of metal heads ready to brutalize this town with metal! Hough that time was done mocking me, seeing how its today, Im here. Was sadly mistaken. Didnt realize that the wait in line would drag on slower than a one legged turtle trying to get across a muddy cornfield. I will tell you right now, that it was far beyond worth the wait when finally, down the street See several tour busses heading our way. I apologize if my language offends you here, but I almost sit myself with excitement when They pulled up. The lock could finally stop staring at me with that devilish smirk, and I could finally take my rightful place as ruler of the front row.The big doors to the venue,which proudly I stood directly in front of, slowly creaked open, as if asking are you sure youre ready? , and we all started scampering in like dogs that had been left outside in the rain all day. I proudly handed the first ticket over to the burly dude collecting tickets, and immediately ran to the front of the stage. Guess I forgot about TTY and Dillon, but they ended up making their way up to the front any. . N. ay. Standing there, you could feel the thick anticipation in the air, and smell the musty, sweaty bodies that had been waiting outside all day. Didnt notice on my way up, probably due to being overly excited, but your shoes stuck to the ground like the floor was made of duct tape. There was apparently a concert the night before that the cleanup crew got lazy on. Oh well, didnt care. My life was about to be complete. Stood patiently through the first three bands who were not nearly as important as the headliners, but very good bands none the less. Finally, those agile words were said that seemed to bring a tidal wave of screams from the floor up that filled the whole stadium and shook the earth. Welcome to the stage, Lamb. Of. GOD! . My heart jumped and so did l. check it out dude! There they are! screamed in Toys ear as the band members came through the back of the stage, surrounded in a sheath of fog. Hell yeah! was the reply I got. We waited, and waited, and waited a little more. Boom! The lights go out and the lasers and strobes immediately go off. It looked like what I imagined the apocalypse to kick like, but the insane music I was hearing Enid those lights assured me, this was far from the apocalypse.

History of the Woodstock Music Festival of 1969

History of the Woodstock Music Festival of 1969 The Woodstock Festival (aka An Aquarian Exposition: Three Days of Peace and Music) was a three-day concert (which rolled into a fourth day) that involved lots of sex, drugs, and rock n roll, plus a lot of mud. The Woodstock Music Festival of 1969 has become an icon of the 1960s hippie counterculture. The festival took place on August 15-18, 1969, at Max Yasgurs dairy farm in the town of Bethel (outside of White Lake, New York). The Organizers of Woodstock The organizers of the Woodstock Festival were four young men: John Roberts, Joel Rosenman, Artie Kornfeld, and Mike Lang. The oldest of the four was only 27 years old at the time of the Woodstock Festival. Roberts, an heir to a pharmaceutical fortune, and his friend Rosenman were looking for a way to use Roberts money to invest in an idea that would make them even more money. After placing an ad in The New York Times that stated: Young men with unlimited capital looking for interesting, legitimate investment opportunities and business propositions, they met Kornfeld and Lang. The Plan for the Woodstock Festival Kornfeld and Langs original proposal was to build a recording studio and a retreat for rock musicians up in Woodstock, New York (where Bob Dylan and other musicians already lived). The idea morphed into creating a two-day rock concert for 50,000 people with the hope that the concert would raise enough money to pay for the studio. The four young men then got to work on organizing a large music festival. They found a location for the event up in an industrial park in nearby Wallkill, New York. They printed tickets ($7 for one day, $13 for two days, and $18 for three days), which could be purchased in select stores or via mail order. The men also worked on organizing food, signing musicians, and hiring security. Things Go Very Wrong The first of many things to go wrong with the Woodstock Festival was the location. No matter how the young men and their lawyers spun it, the citizens of Wallkill did not want a bunch of drugged-out hippies descending on their town. After much wrangling, the town of Wallkill passed a law on July 2, 1969, that effectively banned the concert from their vicinity. Everyone involved with the Woodstock Festival panicked. Stores refused to sell any more tickets and the negotiations with the musicians got shaky. Only a month-and-a-half before the Woodstock Festival was to begin, a new location had to be found. Luckily, in mid-July, before too many people began demanding refunds for their pre-purchased tickets, Max Yasgur offered up his 600-acre dairy farm in Bethel, New York for  the location for the Woodstock Festival. As lucky as the organizers  were to have found a new location, the last minute change of venue seriously set back the Festival timeline. New contracts to rent the dairy farm and surrounding areas had to be drawn up and permits to allow the Woodstock Festival in the town had to be acquired. Construction of the stage, a performers pavilion, parking lots, concession stands, and a childrens playground all got a late start and barely got finished in time for the event. Some things, like ticket booths and gates, did not get finished in time. As the date got closer, more problems sprung up. It soon appeared that their 50,000 people estimate was way too low and the new estimate jumped to upwards of 200,000 people. The young men then tried to bring in more toilets, more water, and more food. However, the food concessionaires kept threatening to cancel at the last minute (the organizers had accidentally hired people who had no experience in concessions) so they had to worry about whether or not they could airlift in rice as a backup food supply. Also troublesome was the last-minute ban on off-duty police officers from working at the Woodstock Festival. Hundreds of Thousands Arrive at the Woodstock Festival On Wednesday, August 13 (two days before the festival was to begin), there were already approximately 50,000 people camping near the stage. These early arrivals had walked right through the huge gaps in the fence where the gates had not yet been placed. Since there was no way to get the 50,000 people to leave the area in order to pay for tickets and there was no time to erect the numerous gates to prevent even more people from just walking in, the organizers were forced to make the event a free concert. This declaration of a free concert had two dire effects. The first of which was that the organizers were going to lose massive amounts of money by putting on this event. The second effect was that as news spread that it was now a free concert, an estimated one million people headed to Bethel, New York. Police had to turn away thousands of cars. It is estimated that about 500,000 people actually made it to the Woodstock Festival. No one had planned for half a million people. The highways in the area literally became parking lots as people abandoned their cars in the middle of the street and just walked the final distance to the Woodstock Festival. Traffic was so bad that the organizers had to hire helicopters to shuttle the performers from their hotels to the stage. The Music Starts Despite all the organizers troubles, the Woodstock Festival got started nearly on time. On Friday evening, August 15, Richie Havens got up on stage and officially started the Festival. Sweetwater, Joan Baez, and other folk artists also played Friday night. The music started up again shortly after noon on Saturday with Quill and continued non-stop until Sunday morning around 9 AM. The day of psychedelic bands continued with such musicians as Santana, Janis Joplin, Grateful Dead, and The Who, to name just a few. It was obvious to everyone that on Sunday, the Woodstock Festival was winding down. Most of the crowd left throughout the day, leaving about 150,000 people on Sunday night. When Jimi Hendrix, the last musician to play at Woodstock, finished his set early on Monday morning, the crowd was down to only 25,000. Despite the 30-minute lines for water and at least hour-long wait to use a toilet, the Woodstock Festival was a huge success. There were a lot of drugs, a lot of sex and nudity, and a lot of mud (created by the rain). After the Woodstock Festival The organizers of Woodstock were dazed at the end of the Woodstock Festival. They didnt have time to focus on the fact that they had created the most popular music event in history, for they first had to deal with their incredible debt (over $1 million) and the 70 lawsuits that had been filed against them. To their great relief, the film of the Woodstock Festival turned into a hit movie and the profits from the movie covered a large chunk of the debt from the Festival. By the time that everything was paid off, they were still $100,000 in debt.

America History19th Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

America History19th - Essay Example However, in ‘The Yellow Wallflower’ the author has provided a scenario which indicates the dominance of men over women in the second half of nineteenth century. Both these literary works give a contradicting view of the gender roles in the society. The ‘Hospital Sketches’ is a short account of the experiences of a woman who worked as a nurse during the Civil War. The story starts with a woman who is trying to figure out what she wants to do in her life. After turning down a number of suggestions like; teaching, writing a book, acting and getting, she finally determines to nurse the soldiers in the Civil War. This starting of the story suggests the freedom of the women to choose what they want to do in their life. The setting of the story also suggests that the decisions of the women were also encouraged. The author is strong supporter of female equality. In her journey to become a nurse, she is helped by a number of gentlemen. The story further provides the account of the author regarding learning how to nurse and the difficulties faced by the author in the process. Throughout the story, the author provides an indication of the importance of women in the society. ... Thus, the author defines the roles of gender in the society by providing a convincing example. Since the author supports female equality, she has provided a convincing example of how men and women can work together in society for better results. However, ‘The Yellow Wallpaper’ is a story of a woman who is compelled to be confined within the bounds of a room and ultimately the psychological impacts of such confinement on the woman. The story provides a completely contradicting account of the gender roles in the second half of the nineteenth century when it is compared to the ‘Hospital Sketches’. The author tells the story in first-person perspective and she has written it in the style of journal entries. The story starts when a family goes to a colonial mansion for the summer and the woman who tells the story is confined in a room upstairs. Throughout the summer, she remains confined in that room with nothing to stimulate any of her feelings. The story provid es a gradual account of the woman’s descent into madness. With nothing else to interact with, the woman finds interest in the yellow wallpaper of the room. She finds it unnaturally intriguing. She closely inspects the pattern of the wallpaper and she perceives it to be more than ordinary wallpaper. The woman obsessively describes the wallpaper and claims that it has a unique â€Å"yellow† smell. After observing the wallpaper for days, she perceives a figure trapped in the wallpaper. She thinks that there is woman trapped in the wallpaper and in order to free her, she starts removing the paper off the wall. From a critical perspective, it can be said that the author is trying to represent the women

Wilson War Message Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Wilson War Message - Essay Example These vessels were comprised not only their enemies, but of peaceful ships on innocent business. Germany became responsible for the destruction of many innocent men, women, and children. Their activities were deemed inhumane and in need of correction. Wilson thoroughly described Germany’s awful behavior as he presented the case against them before Congress. In expression of his feelings regarding the situation Wilson stated, â€Å"I was for a little while unable to believe that such things would in fact be done by any government that had hitherto subscribed to the humane practices of civilized nations† (Wilson). In describing the actions of Germany, he told how the vessels were destroyed without any warning to the passengers. They were not given the chance to escape. They were not afforded the opportunity to change their course and save their lives but were immediately struck down. However, Germany had previously promised that they would not sink any passenger boats and that all other vessels would be given fair warning; a promise that they clearly did not keep. In framing the US’s involvement in the conflict, Wilson informed Congress that some of the vessels that had been sunk were American. He explained that the vessels of both neutral and friendly nations were being attacked insomuch that the conflict had become an issue of every nation. Basically, by sinking American ships Germany was responsible for causing America to get involved. Although Wilson had not wanted to make a declaration of war, the actions of Germany had brought America to the point where they had no choice but to do so. America would now have to fight, not only for the protection of their vessels, but, as Wilson put it, â€Å"the vindication of human rights† (Wilson). Germany’s actions could not be ignored. If they had been, then the destruction of innocent lives would continue, Germany might have advanced in their shameful actions by

Position Paper - Topic - Inside the Minds of Google Essay

Position Paper - Topic - Inside the Minds of Google - Essay Example Instead, different entities that cater for the youth should support them both financially and socially in order to realize their ambitions. Additionally, IT experts and creative minds are stimulated by the success stories of the Google team in terms of working together to attain a common goal (Genzlinger 1). This implies that the aspect of Ms. Bartiromo to address the privacy issue is quite illuminating considering that complaints have been raised how Google handles such information. Therefore, it is imperative to note that security of internet users’ should not contravened because this is a violation of one’s private life. For example, there regular deletion of information contained in most databases of IT companies that are interconnected globally. This is why Google and security items have generated a fuss across different sectors of the nation. In other words, complaints of most modern innovations of technology being used to snoop into the private lives of citizens have even elicited fierce debate in the Congress. Therefore, suggestions have proposed the passing of legislation that monitors how IT comp anies handle the information of its clients and the legal action one is entitled to incase of a violation. In other words, this means that one of the most innovative and a successful company in the world is worried on how it is perceived by its more than one billion clients around the world. Similarly, from the video there is the chief executive of Google, Eric Schmidt explaining how the gigantic IT Company nurtures its workers by fostering a creative environment. This teaches IT managers and other leaders of other companies on the need to cater for its workers in order to attain results desired by the clients on time (Genzlinger 1). However, management should at times adopt its position depending on the existing environment of its workers and the expected goals and objectives. On that perspective, motivation of workers is

Blood pressure and heart rate in humans

Blood pressure and heart rate in humans Introduction: Blood pressure is the measurement of arterial pressure as a result of the contraction and relaxation of the heart. The pressure upon the contraction of the heart is normally defined as the systolic pressure while the pressure upon relaxation is referred to as the diastolic pressure. Both are measured in milliliters of mercury (mm Hg) and are most important in measuring a healthy blood pressure. The heart rate, which is usually expressed in beats per minute, is also important when measuring the strength and wellness of a heart. An individual with a healthy heart will usually have a systolic pressure of 120 mmHg and a diastolic pressure of 80 mmHg (Bishop 2009). A normal heart rate is within the range of 60 bpm and 80 bpm (Weedman 2009). The most common way to measure an individuals blood pressure and heart rate is with a sphygmomanometer, a machine that when used correctly is able to accurately determine a persons blood pressure. Both blood pressure and heart rate are unfixed and constantly changing in response to the body. Factors such as diet, exercise and physical and psychological stress can alter the arterial pressure. An individuals blood pressure will increase when the vessels in the body constrict while the heart tries to continually pump the same amount of blood throughout the body. The blood pressure will decrease when the vessels increase in diameter and blood is able to flow through them with ease. High blood pressure is referred to as hypertension while low blood pressure is referred to as hypotension. An individuals body might react to pain or stress with an increase in blood pressure or respond to constant and frequent exercise with an over all decrease in blood pressure over a period of time. Hydration is an important part of the circulatory system. Appropriate hydration is crucial for normal body function. Hydration helps to distribute the necessary nutrients, regulate body temperature and dispose of waste within the body (Patterson, 2005). Water should make up approximately 60% of an adults body weight. A lack of proper hydration can affect blood volume, plasma volume and the volume of red blood cells in the body (Costill 1974). In the experiment we designed and performed in class, we wanted to observe different factors affecting blood pressure. We asked the question, â€Å"Does hydration effect an individuals blood pressure and heart rate?† We then generated a testable hypothesis that the consumption of water will increase blood pressure as well as heart rate. Materials and Methods: We began the experiment by choosing two variables, dependant and independent. The independent variable was ingestion of 16 ounces of water in order to hydrate an individual; the dependant variable was the measured heart rate and blood pressure. We also designated our experimental replicates groups. All together there were a total of 26 individuals in the experimental group. The entire experimental group was divided into pairs. When blood pressure and heart rate were taken throughout the experiment, they were taken by the individuals partner. We took three basal / resting blood pressure readings. To do so we placed the blood pressure cuff on the left arm of the individual tested and used the sphygmomanometer to determine the individuals resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as his/her heart rate. To correctly situate the pressure cuff on the arm, we assured that the cuff was placed approximately 3 cm above the elbow. We made sure there was no bulky clothing between th e individuals arm and the cuff. The tube leading from the sphygmomanometer to the cuff was situated on the innermost side of the arm, near the brachial artery (Weedman 2009). When wrapping the pressure cuff around the arm, we assured that it was neither too snug or to loose. We pumped the cuff with the rubber bulb until it reached 150 mm Hg. To do so required that we squeeze the bulb while our finger covered the air hole and releasing to allow the bulb to refill. Once at 150mm Hg, the sphygmomanometer gradually released the pressure until the digital reading came up on the screen. We then recorded the data and repeated this step two more times to have a total of three basal readings. After retrieving the resting blood pressure, we had the individual consume about two cups (16 oz) of water quickly (less than one minute) and the partner immediately took a blood pressure reading with the sphygmomanometer. We followed the initial post reading with four more readings in time intervals of three minutes switching off between partners. We recorded the systolic, diastolic, and heart rate for each of these readings. The cuff was taken off after each reading to allow the pressure to be reestablished in the individual between each reading. Throughout the experiment, the data was collected by each individual and then collected and put into an excel spreadsheet. The data that was collected included each subjects basal and experimental blood pressure and heart rate readings along with the relative temperature of the water consumed (cold or room temperature). The collected data was then analyzed using different forms of statistics. We used a â€Å"T test† as well as dividing relevant data into subgroups and found the range and average of the data. Results: In this experiment, we exposed a group of 26 individuals to dehydration and then had them consume a total of 16 ounces to rehydrate. Their blood pressure was then taken immediately as well as in intervals of three minutes for a total of twelve minutes. We predicted that hydrating an individual would increase their blood pressure and decrease the heart rate, however, we found that hydration in fact does the opposite. When organizing and reviewing the data for this experiment it is clear that our results for this experiment were relevant. Our data was calculated based on averages of pulse rates and blood pressures. Our averaged data was then organized in graphs and tables that were divided into subgroups based on the temperature of the water consumed (cold, room temperature, and unknown temperature). Finally, the ranges of each subgroup and T-tests were calculated based off of our data. We calculated three T-tests from our data. One T-test used results of average pulse rate readings from the cold, room temperature, and unknown water consumed. Another T-test was calculated from the average systolic results from the cold water, room temperature water, and the unknown water consumed. The final T-test used the average diastolic results from the cold water, room temperature water, and unknown water consumed. The values for each T-test can be seen in Tables 1, 2, and 3, T-tests. Because the values for each of the T-test was less than 5%, it can be concluded that the data collected shows a correlation between hydration and blood pressure and heart rate. In graph 1, the room temperature graph, the heart rate overall decreased. In graph #2, the second room temperature graph, the systolic and diastolic pressures also decreased. In the cold water heart rate graph, graph #3, the heart rate drastically increased. In graph #4, both the systolic and diastolic pressures decreased. Finally, in graph #3, the graph showing unknown temperatures of the water, the heart rate had an overall decrease. Graph #4 showed that the diastolic pressure had an overall decrease in pressure while the systolic had an overall slight increase. Discussion: Originally, we hypothesized that blood pressure and heart rate would be affected by hydration. We predicted that an increase in hydration would proportionally increase the blood pressure and heart rate. Our results do to some extent support our hypothesis and predictions. Our results show that hydration does affect blood pressure and heart rate. Our data collected generally shows that hydration, over a short period of time, will overall decrease the arterial pressures (systolic and diastolic) as seen in Graphs 2, 4, and 6. The data in each subgroup also shows that pulse rate will be affected differently by different temperatures of water. When ingesting cold water, the pulse rate generally increases, while those that consumed room temperature water have a decreased pulse rate as seen in Graph 1 and 3. A hypothesis that would correctly support the results of this experiment would be, â€Å"Hydration (the consumption of water) will decrease blood pressure while cold water will increase heart rate.† Though this hypothesis is accurately supported by the results, this hypothesis may also be incorrect. One way it can be determined that our results wholly support our hypothesis is the value of the T-tests calculated for this experiment. The value of the T-tests based off of the average pulse rate, systolic pressure, and diastolic pressure were all below 5%. This shows low variability within the experiment and suggests that our experimental results are valid. Because the T-test was below 5%, it can be concluded that our results from this experiment are significant. Our results support the fact that hydration does decrease blood pressure. After much research, it is shown that, â€Å"dehydration and blood pressure are linked that it is not aging that leads to High Blood Pressure, but rather dehydration.† (Healthy Water 2007). Our results for our experiment relate to this statement because our data shows that hydration lowers blood pressure, and inversely suggests that dehydration would do the opposite by increasing blood pressure. When an individual is dehydrated, their blood vessels compensate the lack of water by contracting and heightening blood pressure. When an individual is sufficiently hydrated their vessels are filled with a high blood volume that holds the vessels open and relaxed while transporting water to fundamental organs and systems throughout the body. There were many weaknesses and flaws in our experiment and experimental design. One flaw in experimental design was the lack of a control group. Though basal readings were taken prior to the experiment, there was no separate group that was not treated with the independent variable and measured throughout the experiment. Also, our experiment was done in a hurry that could have affected the blood pressure and heart rate throughout the experiment. The sphygmomanometers that were used often came up with â€Å"error† which may have contributed to the insignificance of our data. Finally, there was no way of measuring the level of dehydration of the experimental group prior to drinking the 16 ounces of water. The data will vary with the different levels of hydration and without knowing the exact level of hydration of each individual it would be impossible to group them together. Though our results did not match our hypothesis, they were comparable to similar experiments. Our data did show that an increase in hydration will decrease blood pressure. However, our data and experimental design is neither accurate or acceptable due to errors in experimental design and experimental flaws. Literature Cited: Bishop T. 2009.Measuring Blood Pressure. Practice Nurse 38: 11-16. Costill DL, Dill DB. 1974. Calculation of percentage changes in volumes of blood, plasma, and red cells in dehydration. Journal of Applied Physiology 37: 247-248. Healthy Water. 2007. Dehydration and Blood Pressure disorders are linked. http://www.healthy-water-best-filters.com/dehydration-blood-pressure.html. February 20, 2009. Patterson SM, Rochette LM. 2005. Hydration status and cardiovascular function: effects of hydration enhancement on cardiovascular function at rest and during psychological stress. International Journal of Psychophysiology 56: 81-91. Weedman D, Sokoloski ES. 2009. Biology of Organisms. 5th Edition. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning. P 173-184.

Physics of Skiing :: physics ski skiing

The sport of skiing has been around for thousands of years, originally existing solely as a form of transportation. Today the sport is entirely dependent upon the laws of physics, and has even had advancements through reliance on physics. There are two types of Nordic Skiing. These are Classic (or diagonal) and Skate Skiing. Usually these two forms are raced separate. To be fair, there are actually two slightly different forms of skate skiing; V1 and V2. As these can get very very complicated and precise in the technique, I will focus mainly on classic skiing, which is also the type of skiing that most people are familiar with. Cross-Country Skiing is the most basic form of skiing, even preceding downhill skiing. Primitive skis may have even been used about 3000 B.C. in Norway. There have been cave drawing found that seem to depict men on skis. Skiing has its roots in Scandinavia; Vikings used skis as a form of transportation in the 10th century A.D. Early skis were made of wood, and even the word ski comes from the Norse word skith a stick of wood. Norse skies were very rudimentary, little more than snowshoes. Glide was little to none. It was not until the early 1800s when Sondre Norheim changed the face of skiing and gave skis glide that the sport was introduced to the world. Competitive skiing started in the late 1800s, again in Norway. In the 1932 Winter Olympics at Lake Placid, Nordic Skiing as we know it was added. Today the sport has evolved to be both extremely competitive and leisurely. In the past 30 years the sport has changed dramatically, adding skis made of synthetic materials, and utilizing waxes for improved speed. Physicists have been at the front line of all this; from determining the coefficent of friction for both the wax and the ski, to helping skiers change their technique based on the laws of physics. To maximize speed, Nordic skiing is more about form than probably any other sport. Brute strength and athletic prowess certainly have their advantages, but these pale in comparision to proper technique. While the shape of classic skis is slightly different than that of skate skis, the real difference is that classic skis have a "kick zone." This is a spot directly underneath the foot that has kick wax applied to it. Kick wax is a sticky poly-hydrocarbon that in theory is only supposed to provide a sticky surface from which to push back from.

A Second Chance Essay

It was my chance to prove myself; I was about to go out there and audition for a talent show through singing and playing the piano. I was so sure that I would do it, since I knew the judges personally and they were already aware that I had the talent. I haven’t actually practiced the song as much as I was supposed to, but I was certain that I would know it properly since I have practiced before several times. I was waiting for my turn, and while I was waiting, I was starting to get nervous and tense about the whole thing. When I was up, I took a deep breath and started playing the song. The first thing I did wrong was mix up the notes. The first time was excused as it was thought to be normal and that everyone makes mistakes. The second time was also excused, the third, the fourth.. It was starting to get irritating. Other than the note mix up, when I started to sing, my voice went too high and I started to get out of breath. In addition to this, I forgot and mixed all the lyrics of the song. This made me stop in the middle of the song excusing myself for all the mistakes that I’ve done. Since the judges were my friends, they were totally understandable; they realized that I was nervous and that I am good at this, despite my failed efforts. This made me feel miserable. I have failed to preform something I have known and been playing for almost a year. I couldn’t sing the song without making a word mixup every now and then. I informed the judges the next day that I would like to audition again, and this time I was going to do it right. The minute I told them I was going to audition again, I went home searching for a completely different song to preform, and this time I was going to focus on singing it only. I found the perfect song, and once I did I started practicing on it. I have noticed that the last time I auditioned, I was nervous when my turn was up, so I decided to ask different people I knew to hear me out, and anytime I would get nervous I would randomly start singing, to try and overcome my fear of preforming in front of a crowd. When the day of my second audition finally arrived, I was assured that I would do it this time, given the fact that I have practiced beforehand and tried to overcome my fear. The minute I preformed, I felt a tinge of nervousness, but then It was like I was preforming to myself, not scared at all. I was confident enough and because of this I did a good job and the judges loved it. This made me realize that once you set your mind on something, even if you fail it once, you can always achieve it. If you have the will to do it, you will succeed. The second thing I realized was that you should always, ALWAYS make sure you are prepared for any situation that may arise, even if you think you know how to handle it. After all, practice makes perfect. This has made me believe that I should never give up on where I want to study, and even if I don’t get accepted the first time, I can work harder and apply again, I have nothing to loose. I should believe in myself and prepare myself for what’s ahead and will hopefully succeed. A Second Chance Essay In Harold Ramis’s film, â€Å"Groundhog Day† and Franz Kafka’s story, â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, both main characters are faced with a life-changing event because of the way they live their lives. In Groundhog Day the main character Phil is an arrogant, sarcastic weatherman absorbed in his own discomforts, without hope, and cut off from other people. He is forced to relive the same day, groundhogs day, over and over again. In â€Å"The Metamorphosis the main character is Gregor Samsa, a man who spends his time working to pay off a debt for his father. Gregor wakes up to find that he has turned into a beetle. Throughout these two works the main characters try to go back to living their life as before not realizing that this is their second chance at life to make things right. Phil manages to do so only by breaking through and becoming a person of intimacy, creativity and compassion which sets him free from his exile of living in the same day over and over again. As for Gregor, going from someone everyone depends on to something no one wants to care for, he doesn’t get a chance to have everything go back to normal. He dies and his family, for once, is relieved. Groundhog Day lets us experience what it would be like to make a breakthrough like this in our own lives. The movie shows us a character that is like the worst in ourselves. Like us, he finds himself in an inexplicable situation, something like fate. But, unlike us, he gets the luxury of being stuck in the same day until he gets it right. Where most of us go semi-automatically through most of our days, he is forced to stop and treat each day like a world onto itself, and decide how to use it. In the end, he undergoes a breakthrough to a more authentic self in which intimacy, creativity and compassion come naturally – a self that was trapped inside him and that could only be freed by trapping him. Like many of the heroes of fiction, he can only escape his exile from himself by being exiled in a situation not of his choosing. This movie hits on a message that is commonly found elsewhere and that appears to express an essential truth. When we get beyond denial and resentment over the conditions of life and death, and accept our situation, it tells us, then life ceases to be a problem and we can become authentic and compassionate. Phil makes two such breakthroughs: first he accepts being condemned to being stuck in the same day, then he accepts the fact that everyone else is condemned to die. In The Metamorphosis, Gregor’s transformation is kind of an extended metaphor. He deeply resented having to support his family. Desiring to be in turn nurtured by them, he becomes a parasite. The complete dependence of Gregor’s family and employer on him, then, is seen as an ironic foil to the reality of Gregor’s anatomical transformation into a parasite. The Metamorphosis is not upon Gregor, but on his family, as they abandon their dependence on him and learn to be self-sufficient. One interpretation of the story holds that the title applies equally to Gregor’s sister Grete: she passes from girlhood to young womanhood during the course of the narrative. Another view of Gregor’s transformation is that it is an extended metaphor, carried from abstract concept to concrete reality: trapped in a meaningless job and isolated from the human beings around him, Gregor is thought of as an insect by himself and by others, so he becomes one only to die, and relieving the family of having to take care of him. Fiction allows us to identify with and play characters who find their true selves, putting us in touch with the universal human nature in each of us. The ability to watch and play the role of fictional characters makes the fiction more interesting and expands our vision of possible ways of being. But, one way or another, it must lead us back to our true selves, the universal, moral being we all are, which is as real as the physical world is real. Groundhog Day symbolizes just this since Phil treats his life as a game only when he is in despair. Once he has a sense of hope, he becomes more authentic and discovers himself. As for The Metamorphosis, Gregor’s state before he turned into a bug contrasts with the family’s state after the got jobs and began working. I guess Kafka is trying to say that we shouldn’t work like bugs for others leaving out time for ourselves as Gregor had but instead work for ourselves with pride and dignity as the family did at the end of the story. A Second Chance Essay Three years ago, my cousin Wael, aged 17, died next to me in a car accident. It was a very beautiful evening, I just got off work and was excited to go home and drive my new Nissan 350Z my boyfriend just got me. As I arrived to my house, Wael was waiting for me. I hadn’t seen him over a week or so, and the excitement to see him was killing me. I wanted to go out for a drive to catch up, as well as test drive the new car. We were out driving for about twenty minutes or so; we told each other stories and just laughed until we couldn’t breathe any longer. At a point, he kept asking me to let him drive my car. This car was probably every teenagers dream. I didn’t want to at first, because my boyfriend had asked me to please not let anyone else drive it. I couldn’t say no to Wael. He was my everything; we always did things with each other, and for each other. I finally gave up, parked at a random store and switched seats with him. The fun then really began. We drove everywhere; we drove past my house, past our high school and finally went on this road called Hillcrest Road. This road is known for how small and narrow it is, and its big bumpy hills. We both knew what was about to happened. We were about to have the best time. He got in it, stepped on the gas as hard as he could, and the car speed off. We were screaming with laughter from how fast the car was going, and how much fun it was to feel like we were flying in the air. Finally we made it at the end of the road. I was glad that was over with, because in my head I kept thinking,† please don’t scratch up the car.† He wasn’t done, he asked me, â€Å"one more time please?† I gave up arguing with him, and agreed. This time around he put his whole weight on the gas pedal and took off as fast as he could. We were laughing, screaming, and looking at each other as we were flying in the air. There was a moment when the car flew af ter the hill and started to drift to the left. I got scared and asked him to stay in the lane. I think he freaked out and didn’t know how to handle the car. He made a mistake by hitting the break while we were flying instead of hitting the break when we landed. The two front wheels locked and as soon as it hit the concrete ground, everything started moving in slow motion. I could feel the car sliding off the road and going towards a white fence. I don’t remember what happened after that hit because it happened so fast. I can recall waking up with glass pocking the soles of my feet, blood dripping down my neck; it was so wet and gushy. I was so sore and in so much pain. I looked over to my shoulder to see if my cousin is still there, but all I see is blood dripping down his nose and I tried to wake him up. I was screaming at him â€Å"Please wake up, please.† When he couldn’t respond to me I tried to get out the car even though opening the door was very hard. Everything was blurry and every muscle in my body was aching. I was told, I just passed out on the ground while I was trying to walk to a house to get help. Eventually, someone called 911 and the ambulance and care flight came for both of us. I was taken on the ambulance to be treated for severe head injuries, while they were working on getting Wael out of the crushed car. I have been hit in the head by the fences we ran into, and had lost too much blood. Wael was pronounced dead due to internal bleeding. When I eventually woke up in the hospital, I heard all the crying and screaming, and that’s when I knew someone died. I couldn’t understand who, I mean it wasn’t me because I was still here. I kept telling myself this is just a dream; I will wake up soon, but I never woke up. That person who died was my cousin. I couldn’t cry, I was numb, I couldn’t feel anything. I couldn’t understand what had just happened. I just couldn’t believe it, no way. We were just having so much fun a couple hours ago it seemed. I guess bad news spreads faster than good news, because the next morning I was surrounded by people who I knew as well as I didn’t know. It was variety of people from friends, police officers and even family members from all over that I haven’t seen in years. That’s when it hit me, that my cousin is gone forever. I cried and cried myself to sleep. I couldn’t eat, I couldn’t sleep, and the nightmares kept getting worse as the days went on. All of my family hated me because they blamed me for his death. I developed very bad depression, I stopped talking to everyone, I got angry fast and I felt lonely. I had nothing going for myself. I felt like I lost everyone who I once loved, or at least those who loved me. One day my mom begged me to go get help, or just get out and do something with myself. I had to do something about this; it had been way too long. I had suffered enough, I grieved for way to long and that’s when I came to the conclusion that God has a plan for me and this is why he is still keeping me around. God gave me a second chance, he wants me to do something with myself. I believe everyone deserves second chance in life. It doesn’t matter if it a big mistake or a small mistake. Walking around with grudges won’t solve anything. Obviously when I was walking around grieving it didn’t do me any good. I blamed God, I blamed my boyfriend for getting me that car, and I took it hard on myself because I willingly handed the vehicle to my cousin. This world is filled with good and bad things. It’s sad to say that it took a car accident and losing the closest person I had ever had to make me realize this. Wael might be gone but he will never be forgotten. I feel like he begged me to drive the car for a reason. It me who was supposed to be killed, but God took him before me. I believe everyone deserves a second chance just like God gave me another chance. I felt like I died and came back. As long as I am alive I can survive anything, and I know I have a purpose in life. My life did change dramatically; I can’t say I am the same person I used to be. My family went from hating me to being the closest people I have in my life; I went from doing nothing for myself to enrolling at Kettering Medical College. Life can be cruel and destructive, but God gave me a second chance at life for a good reason. This I must believe.

Gusta Vassa essays

Gusta Vassa essays In a vivid recount of his travels as a slave, Gustavus Vassa enlightens us to the details of a world in which people are bought and sold as property. In his stories we can see how he interpreted his own experiences and we can also get some clues as to the nature of his character. From the very begining Vassa shows us just how much of the sights he takes in. He demonstrates this to us through his thorough descriptions of not only the people and places around him, but also by presenting us with the essence of the experience; the smells, the tastes, the horrors, the pleasentries. He seems at first to be in utter awe of the surroundings wheere we picked up. And as the exerpt contiues, he relates every experience with the appriciation of a humble man, one who takes full advantage of the opportunities he is recieved. Furthermore, all of his writings are relatively unbiased. He seems not to be looking to avenge or blame nessecarily, but to somehow find a reasoning behind the cruelty that exists. "One told me that he had sold 41,000 negroes, and that he once cut of a negro man's leg for running away. I asked him if the man had died in the operation, how he, as a Christian, could answer for the horrid act before God? and he told me... that his scheme had the desired effect-it cured that man and some others of running away." His overall interpretation is that of a highly spiritual man. His character follows that same line of a very spiritual man. He showed us how he valued kindness, justice, and fairness. He seemed to feel that even if slavery did exist, there was a way to handle it ina humane manner where all could get along. One unfortunate situation need not spawn worse. " This neglect certainly conspires with many others to cause a decrease in the births as well as in the lives of the grown negroes. I can quote many instances of gentlemen who reside on their estates in the West Indies, and then the scene is ...

world war 2 japan essays

world war 2 japan essays Japan committed what some would consider suicide, when their aircraft bombed Pearl Harbor.1 Pearl Harbor was the most important day of World War II. This was the first strike towards the US. making them enter the war. Even though the US. had been involved a little before this. The attack prompted full entrance of the US. into the war. Japan wanted to not depend on white imperialist nations, like Britain, France, Netherlands and the USA. But, they needed materials from other countries.2 They got Tin from Malasha and Iron from Philippines. Japan also got oil, bauxite, coal, cobalt, copra graphite, iron, lead, nickel, phosphates and potash from the Indies. Plus rice from Indo-china and Burma. Japan needed all of those things to be self reliant. But most of all, if they where to expand they would need them even more. In the 1920s fascism began to enter Germany. As well as a need for revenge after the way World War I ended. So on September 1 1939 German armies marched into Poland, Poland and Germany had bout the same number of men.3 However Poland was greatly out gunned. War broke out in September of 1939 in Europe. Around that time Japan declared its Polands last surrender was the fortress at Kock, on October 6th September 3 1939 British and French declared War on Germany. The French Strategy was defensive, there main defense was the Maginot Line. Germany Began to drive into France on June 5th 1939, the drive picked up on June 9th. The Maginot line failed, it was out flanked. By the summer of 1940 Hitler dominated Europe from the North Cape to the Pyrenees. After the summer of 1940, Hitlers only remaining active enemy was Britain.5 Italy declared war on Frence and Britain on June 10 1939. The USA then abandoned there strict neutrality in the war, and in March 1941 the USA passed the Lend-Lease Act. The Lend-Lease Act was a 7 billion dollar aid to any countries...

Final Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Final Project - Research Paper Example The army is guided by its motto, â€Å"This We’ll Defend† and motivated by their Marching slogan â€Å"The Army Goes Rolling Along†, with several credits on various wars and battles they have conquered since inception. The army has four major missions which include: preserving the peace and security and providing for defense of the United States, commonwealths and possessions and any areas occupied by the United States .Support national policies Implementing national policies Overcoming any nations responsible for any acts that imperil the peace and security of the United States Training Training is an essential component of any armed force in a bid to combat existing and arising cases of conflict within and outside the boundaries; a prerequisite for alertness to the changing terrorism activities and the need to adapt to the mechanization of war science. Initially, soldiers are placed on the parameters of their recruitment and placement that is, as Regular Army, Army National Guard or United States Army Reserve; with the reserve components composed of part time soldiers who trainonce in a month and others conduct two to three weeks annual training, for ARNG and USAR respectively with placement based on the best and most qualified basis during the training period. The changes of national policies for the United States and the change of nature of terrorisms and other national threats and disasters calls for effective training by the soldiers on the various aspects of combating these disasters and strategies to help them exclusively contain threats. Incorporation of innovations and technology in the training field has necessitated a higher profile of threat detection and though the military depends largely on other bodies such as the Central Intelligence Agency, space technology has enabled aerial threat analysis and formulation of strategies of combat in case they arise. A soldier, before graduating will is required to successfully train the Basic Combat Training [BCT], conducted the first ten weeks, where they are impacted with fundamentals of being a soldier such as combat techniques and problem solving or approach strategies. At this point, the rigorous training for physical and psychology and aspects of self- discipline will be essential to introduce the prospective soldier to daily routine schedule that encompasses duties with high expectations for which civilians are not immediately ready (Taylor &Mossholder, 2010). The Advanced Individual Training [AIT] which encompasses training of specifics of the chosen field for Military Occupational Specialty, with courses lasting 6-52 weeks, calls for strict daily schedules, high degree of self- discipline and tests of physical fitness and weapons proficiency, though not intensively like in BCT. To improve on effective transition from BCT to AIT, specific programs should be implemented to guide the recruits in the choice of specialization as majorities are guided by their p revious academic achievements which are not a true reflection of self-worth. Proper guidance will ensure the recruit specializes in a field he can handle which acts as self- motivation, improves behavior and the overall output due to

The comparison of juvenile and young adult sentencing outcomes in Essay

The comparison of juvenile and young adult sentencing outcomes in criminal court - Essay Example a harder time than adults in courts of law, both in terms of influencing additional factors and effecting their eventual outcome, defies conventional theory. Kurlychek, however, fails to present an analysis that enables the study to be applied universally. When demographics are taken into consideration, â€Å"The Juvenile Penalty† presents a study that is far from authoritative. The data for the paper was culled from Pennsylvania’s Commission on Sentencing and focuses on the 33,962 young adults, between ages 18 to 25, and 1,042 juveniles that were processed in Pennsylvania’s adult criminal justice system over a 3 year period from 1997 to 1999. Not only is there the possibility that Pennsylvania might be a unique case in terms of how adults and juveniles offenders are viewed, the article mentions that the majority of juvenile offenders are black and male but fails to take into consideration the role that of racial demographics. Both the sex and race of the offenders and persecutors may play a role in the differing treatment between young adults and juveniles. Additionally, Kurlychek decided to begin investigating cases in 1997, when the treatment of juveniles in Pennsylvania law courts changed significantly. Additi onally, if the short three period, in which the cases occurred, was lengthened, the paper’s argument would be greatly strengthened. Thus, this paper needs to evaluate a larger study group to make its argument an effective one. Nevertheless, â€Å"juvenile† status, while never explicitly dealt with in the court room, appears to play a significant role in determining the outcomes of some offenders. â€Å"The Juvenile Penalty† fails, however, to make a universal argument because it focuses upon a small and specific number of cases. Thus, the paper’s underlying assumptions that juveniles receive harsher treatment than young adults may be accurate but requires additional studies to be proven